【摘要】 在超级电容器应用中，碳基电极材料的比表面积与其电容量呈正相关。化学活化是制备多孔碳电极的常用方法，而活化温度则是决定多孔碳材料高比表面积形成与孔隙发育的关键工艺参数。为探究活化温度对多孔碳结构演变的内在影响，本研究以甘蔗渣为前驱体，在不同活化温度下制备多孔碳，并分析其结构特征与电化学性能。在800℃活化的条件下，甘蔗渣基多孔碳（SBC-800）展现出最大的比表面积(2 733.9 m² g^-1)和较高的孔容(1.36 cm³ g^-1)，且微孔提供的比表面积及孔容贡献均高于其他样品。得益于高比表面积与微孔主导的孔道结构，SBC-800在超级电容器应用中展现出455.8 F g^-1的超高电容量和82.1%的优异倍率性能。上述结果表明，对甘蔗渣于800℃进行化学活化，可构建高比表面积微孔碳骨架，为生物质碳电极设计提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 In supercapacitors, the specific surface area of carbon-based electrode materials exhibits a positive correlation with their capacitance. Chemical activation is a widely adopted method for preparing porous carbon electrodes, where the activation temperature serves as a critical process parameter determining the formation of high specific surface areas and pore development in porous carbon materials. To investigate the intrinsic impact of activation temperature on the structural evolution of porous carbon, this study employed sugarcane bagasse as a precursor to synthesize porous carbons at varying activation temperatures, followed by comprehensive analysis of their structural characteristics and electrochemical performance. Under activation at 800℃, the sugarcane bagasse-derived porous carbon（SBC-800） demonstrated the highest specific surface area(2733.9 m² g^-1) and substantial pore volume(1.36 cm³ g^-1), with microporosity contributing significantly to both specific surface area and pore volume compared to other samples. Benefiting from its high specific surface area and microporosity-dominated pore structure, SBC-800 delivered an ultrahigh specific capacitance of 455.8 F g^-1 and an outstanding rate capability of 82.1% in supercapacitor applications. These results indicate that chemical activation of sugarcane bagasse at 800℃ effectively constructs a microporous carbon framework with high specific surface area, offering valuable insights for the design of biomass-derived carbon electrodes.更多还原