【摘要】 在马克思之前，实践哲学以亚里士多德和培根为代表，主要经历了“伦理-政治”与“科学-技术”两种范式的演进。这两种范式虽然开启了实践哲学的先河，但也将实践概念局限于伦理德性领域或生产创制领域，是一种片面的理解。马克思则通过创立“劳动-社会”的实践哲学，实现了实践哲学的根本转换。这种对实践哲学的理解，不再囿于实践认识论和实践本体论，而是使实践哲学获得了更为丰富的社会历史内涵。马克思不仅以“劳动”概念突破了技术理性主导下的“生产”，赋予劳动实践以深刻的文化意涵，还将实践哲学从传统的“政治”与“伦理”范畴拓展至更为总体的“社会”范畴。由此，实践哲学不再以城邦秩序、个体德性或物质生产的完成为终极指向，而是以人的自由而全面的发展为根本宗旨，完成一场深刻的哲学革命。更多还原

【Abstract】 Before Marx,practical philosophy,represented by Aristotle and Bacon,had mainly undergone the evolution of two paradigms:the “ethical-political” paradigm and the “scientific-technical” paradigm. Although these two paradigms blazed the trail for practical philosophy,they confined the concept of practice to the sphere of ethical virtue or that of production and poiesis,resulting in a one-sided understanding. Marx realized a fundamental transformation of practical philosophy by establishing the “labor-social”practical philosophy. This understanding of practical philosophy is no longer constrained by practical epistemology and practical ontology, but endows practical philosophy with richer social and historical connotation. Marx not only broke through the “production” dominated by technological rationality with the concept of “labor”, endowing labor practice with profound cultural connotation, but also expanded practical philosophy from the traditional categories of “politics” and “ethics” to the more comprehensive and total category of “society”. Thus, practical philosophy no longer takes the maintenance of polis order, the perfection of individual virtue, or the completion of material production as its ultimate orientation, but takes the free and all-round development of human beings as its fundamental tenet, thus accomplishing a profound philosophical revolution.更多还原