病程≥5年精神分裂症患者认知功能的性别差异及与甲状腺功能的相关性分析

【摘要】 目的 探讨病程≥5年的精神分裂症患者认知功能的性别差异及与甲状腺功能的相关性。方法 选取2024年10月至2025年6月病程≥5年精神分裂症患者140例，收集人口学与临床资料，检测T3、T4、TSH、FT3、FT4。采用中文版《精神分裂症认知功能成套测验-共识版》（MCCB）评估认知功能。以年龄、受教育年限、病程及氯丙嗪等效剂量为协变量，行多元协方差分析（MANCOVA）比较不同性别认知差异，并进行偏相关分析探讨甲状腺功能与认知的相关性。结果 女性在信息加工速度和工作记忆方面表现优于男性（P<0.05）；男性在注意/警觉性方面表现更优（P<0.05）。甲状腺激素水平与信息处理速度、注意/警觉性、词语学习及推理和问题解决等多个认知维度呈正相关（P<0.05）。男性甲状腺激素水平主要与注意/警觉性、信息处理速度以及推理和问题解决能力相关（P<0.05）；女性在词语学习、注意/警觉性和社会认知相关（P<0.05）。结论 病程≥5年精神分裂症患者认知功能存在性别差异，甲状腺激素可能作为精神分裂症认知障碍干预的潜在生物学标志物。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To explore the gender differences in cognitive function and their correlation with thyroid function in patients with schizophrenia who have a disease course of ≥5 years. Methods A total of 140 patients with schizophrenia(disease course ≥5 years) were selected from October 2024 to June 2025. Demographic and clinical data were collected, and levels of T3, T4, TSH, FT3, and FT4 were measured. Cognitive function was assessed using the Chinese version of the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery(MCCB). Using age, years of education, disease course, and chlorpromazine equivalent dose as covariates, multivariate analysis of covariance(MANCOVA) was performed to compare cognitive differences between genders, and partial correlation analysis was conducted to explore the correlation between thyroid function and cognition. Results Females performed better than males in the domains of information processing speed and working memory(P<0.05); males performed better in attention/vigilance(P<0.05). Thyroid hormone levels were positively correlated with multiple cognitive domains, including information processing speed, attention/vigilance, verbal learning, and reasoning and problem solving(P<0.05). In males, thyroid hormone levels were primarily correlated with attention/vigilance, information processing speed, and reasoning and problem-solving abilities(P<0.05); in females, they were correlated with verbal learning, attention/vigilance, and social cognition(P<0.05). Conclusion There are gender differences in cognitive function among patients with schizophrenia with a disease course of ≥5 years. Thyroid hormones may serve as potential biological markers for intervention in cognitive impairment in schizophrenia.更多还原