【摘要】 目的 探讨护理实习生工作旺盛感的潜在类别特征，并分析不同类别归属的相关因素。方法 采用便利抽样法，选取2025年10月河南省某三甲医院39所院校的550名护理实习生为研究对象，采用一般资料调查表、工作旺盛感量表、职业应对自我效能量表及护理人员科研能力自评量表进行调查。对工作旺盛感进行潜在剖面分析，采用单因素及多分类Logistic回归分析不同潜在类别的相关因素。结果 共纳入531名护理实习生，工作旺盛感分为贫乏型(10.17%)、平衡型(51.65%)和充盈型(38.23%)3类。单因素分析显示，性别、是否开设科研课程、带教老师年资、文献查阅频次、英语水平、职业应对自我效能及科研能力在不同类别间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多分类Logistic回归显示，与贫乏型相比，性别与平衡型归属相关；性别、是否开设科研课程、职业应对自我效能及科研能力与充盈型归属相关(P<0.05)。结论 护理管理者和临床带教教师可关注贫乏型及部分平衡型实习生，并结合性别、科研课程经历、职业应对自我效能等相关因素，探索开展有针对性的支持措施；科研能力与潜在类别归属的关联较弱，仍需进一步验证。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To identify the latent profile characteristics of thriving at work among nursing interns and to explore factors associated with membership in different profiles. Methods Using convenience sampling, 550 nursing interns from 39 colleges and universities who were practicing in a tertiary Grade A hospital in Henan Province in October 2025 were selected as participants. Data were collected using a general information questionnaire, the Thriving at Work Scale, the Career Coping SelfEfficacy Scale, and the Nursing Research Capacity Self-Assessment Scale. Latent profile analysis was performed to classify patterns of thriving at work. Univariate analysis and multinomial logistic regression were used to examine factors associated with different latent profiles. Results A total of 531 nursing interns were included in the final analysis. Three latent profiles of thriving at work were identified: the depleted profile(10.17%), the balanced profile(51.65%), and the flourishing profile(38.23%). Univariate analysis showed significant differences among the three profiles in sex, whether research-related courses had been offered, years of teaching experience of clinical preceptors, frequency of literature retrieval, English proficiency, career coping self-efficacy, and nursing research capacity(P < 0.05). Multinomial logistic regression analysis showed that, compared with the depleted profile, sex was associated with membership in the balanced profile, while sex, exposure to research-related courses, career coping self-efficacy, and nursing research capacity were associated with membership in the flourishing profile(P < 0.05). Conclusion Nursing managers and clinical preceptors should pay attention to interns in the depleted profile and some interns in the balanced profile. Targeted supportive strategies may be developed by considering factors such as sex, previous exposure to research-related courses, and career coping self-efficacy. The association between nursing research capacity and latent profile membership was relatively weak and requires further verification.更多还原