【摘要】 微小RNA(microRNA,miRNA,miR)作为重要的表观遗传调控因子，通过多通路协同作用参与腹膜透析相关腹膜纤维化的病理生理进程。miRNA可通过转化生长因子β/Smad信号通路、上皮-间充质转化过程、炎症因子级联反应及血管新生调控网络等关键分子途径影响腹膜纤维化的发生发展。miR-21、miR-200a和miR-29等特定miRNA在纤维化进程中呈现显著差异性表达，通过调控细胞外基质沉积、细胞迁移特性及免疫微环境稳态等生物学过程发挥重要作用。近年来随着多组学分析技术的发展，研究者能够更系统地解析miRNA与其靶基因及下游信号通路的复杂调控网络，从而深入阐明腹膜纤维化的分子机制。本综述旨在全面总结miRNA在腹膜透析相关腹膜纤维化中的分子调控机制研究进展，探讨其作为潜在治疗靶点的转化医学价值，以期为临床干预策略的研发提供新的理论依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 MicroRNAs(miRNAs) are critical epigenetic regulators of the pathophysiological progression of peritoneal dialysis-related peritoneal fibrosis(PD-related PF) through synergistically mediating multiple pathways. MiRNAs influence the initiation and progression of peritoneal fibrosis via key molecular pathways, including the transforming growth factor-β/Smad(TGF-β/Smad) signaling pathway, epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT), inflammatory cytokine cascades, and angiogenic regulatory networks. Specific miRNAs like miR-21, miR-200a, and miR-29 are differentially expressed during fibrogenesis, playing crucial roles in regulating extracellular matrix(ECM) deposition, cell migration, and homeostasis of the immune microenvironment. With the recent advances made in multi-omics, a more systemic illustration of the complex regulatory networks of miRNAs with their target genes and downstream signaling enables the identification of molecular mechanisms of PF. This review comprehensively summarized the latest research progress on the molecular regulatory mechanisms of miRNAs in PD-related PF and explored their clinical translation potential into therapeutic targets, offering novel theoretical support for the development of clinical strategies against PD-related PF.更多还原