【摘要】 肌少症是一种多因素导致的系统性疾病。随着全球人口老龄化趋势的进展，肌少症在不同手术类型的患者中均具有较高的患病率。肌少症是围术期不良事件发生的独立危险因素，如术后并发症发生率升高、住院时间延长、死亡率升高等，给围术期评估与麻醉管理带来了严峻挑战。然而，目前缺乏肌少症患者的围术期评估和管理指南或专家共识。本文系统性总结了肌少症的一般特征和导致围术期不良事件发生的循证学证据，探讨了肌少症患者的围术期评估与麻醉管理，旨在为临床实践提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 Sarcopenia is a systemic disease caused by multiple factors. With the aging of the global population, sarcopenia presents a high prevalence among patients undergoing various types of surgery. Sarcopenia is an independent risk factor for adverse perioperative events, including increased postoperative complications, prolonged hospital stay, and elevated mortality, posing severe challenges to perioperative assessment and anesthetic management. Nevertheless, there are currently no official guidelines or expert consensus on the perioperative evaluation and management of patients with sarcopenia. This article systematically summarizes the general characteristics of sarcopenia and the evidence supporting its association with adverse perioperative outcomes, and discusses perioperative assessment and anesthetic management strategies for patients with sarcopenia, aiming to provide a reference and guidance for clinical practice.更多还原