【摘要】 机器人辅助手术(robotic-assisted surgery, RAS)在小儿泌尿外科中展现出显著的应用潜力，尤其适用于肾盂输尿管连接处梗阻(ureteropelvic junction obstruction, UPJO)、膀胱输尿管反流(vesicouerteral reflux, VUR)等先天性结构异常疾病。RAS凭借其高清放大视野、机械臂高灵活度、操作稳定等优势，能够实现更精确的缝合与重建，缩短手术时间、减少术中出血和术后并发症，并加快患儿康复。尽管存在系统体积大、成本高、缺乏触觉反馈及儿童专用器械等局限，现有研究表明RAS在肾盂成形术、输尿管再植、膀胱憩室切除等手术中均具有良好安全性和有效性。未来随着技术优化、成本降低及国产机器人系统发展，RAS有望更广泛融入小儿泌尿外科临床实践，从而进一步提升患儿手术治疗效果。更多还原

【Abstract】 Robot-assisted surgery(RAS) has demonstrated significant potential in pediatric urology, particularly in the management of congenital structural anomalies such as ureteropelvic junction obstruction(UPJO) and vesicoureteral reflux(VUR). Leveraging advantages including high-definition magnified visualization, enhanced flexibility of robotic arms, and improved operational stability, RAS enables more precise suturing and reconstruction, leading to shortened operative time, reduced intraoperative blood loss, fewer postoperative complications, and accelerated recovery in pediatric patients. Despite limitations such as the bulky system, high costs, lack of haptic feedback, and a shortage of specialized instruments for children, current studies indicate that RAS exhibits favorable safety and efficacy in procedures like pyeloplasty, ureteral reimplantation, and bladder diverticulectomy. With future technological refinements, cost reduction, and the development of domestically produced robotic systems, RAS is expected to be more widely integrated into pediatric urological practice, thereby further improving surgical outcomes for young patients.更多还原