【摘要】 为探究酸性矿井水侵蚀对灰岩力学性能及其微观破坏机制的影响。通过单轴压缩及声发射试验，研究了不同侵蚀时间(0 d、14 d、28 d、42 d、56 d)下灰岩孔隙演化、力学特性及声发射参数(事件率、主频、能率、裂纹类型)的变化规律。结果表明：在矿井水侵蚀过程中，灰岩的孔隙率从未侵蚀状态下的0.26%增加至侵蚀56 d时的9.13%;在单轴压缩试验中，灰岩峰值强度、峰值应变和弹性模量随侵蚀时间的增加而逐渐降低，侵蚀56 d的灰岩试件的峰值强度较未侵蚀试件降低了29.41%;声发射事件率和能率随侵蚀时间的增加而增大；随着侵蚀时间的增加，灰岩试件在变形破坏过程中的低主频声发射信号数量逐渐增多，而高主频声发射信号出现逐渐减少的变化趋势；灰岩剪切微裂纹占比随着侵蚀时间的增加呈逐渐降低的变化趋势，张拉微裂纹占比逐渐升高，由未侵蚀时的30.69%增至侵蚀56 d时的57.92%。因此，矿井水侵蚀导致灰岩试件孔隙率逐渐增加，微裂纹和孔隙的扩展加剧，进而引起其力学性能显著下降。研究结果可为富水环境下有色金属资源安全高效开采提供理论支撑和技术指导。更多还原

【Abstract】 To investigate the impact of acidic mine water erosion on the mechanical properties and microscopic failure mechanisms of limestone, the evolution of porosity, mechanical characteristics, and acoustic emission(AE) parameters(event rate, dominant frequency, energy rate, and crack type) across varying erosion durations(0, 14, 28, 42, and 56 days) was examined through uniaxial compression and AE tests. The results indicate that during the mine water erosion process, the porosity of the limestone increases from 0.26% in the intact state to 9.13% after 56 days of erosion. Uniaxial compression tests reveal that the peak strength, peak strain, and elastic modulus of the limestone progressively decrease with prolonged erosion time; specifically, the peak strength of the specimens eroded for 56 days decreases by 29.41% compared to the un-eroded counterparts. Furthermore, both the AE event rate and energy rate increase as erosion time extended. During the deformation and failure process, the number of low-dominant-frequency AE signals progressively multiplied, whereas the high-dominant-frequency AE signals exhibits a declining trend. Additionally, the proportion of shear microcracks demonstrates a gradual decrease, while the proportion of tensile microcracks correspondingly increases from 30.69% in the intact state to 57.92% after 56 days of erosion. Consequently, mine water erosion induces a progressive increase in porosity and exacerbates the propagation of microcracks and pores, thereby precipitating a substantial deterioration in mechanical performance. These findings provide robust theoretical support and technical guidance for the safe and efficient extraction of non-ferrous metal resources in water-rich environments.更多还原