【摘要】 新一代飞机轮胎充气压强普遍达到了1.5 MPa,而公路汽车轮胎充气压强为0.4～0.7 MPa。因此，评估机场高荷载沥青道面的抗轮辙性能对于保障机场道面耐久性至关重要。为应对机场道面的高荷载需求，基于传统轮辙仪，重新设计了驱动方式，开发了一种基于伺服电机驱动的新型高胎压机场轮辙仪。通过与标准轮辙仪的试验性能对比，评估了其稳定性，并结合低环氧掺量不同级配的沥青混合料，分析了高胎压条件下沥青混合料抗轮辙性能的演变规律。结果表明，伺服电机驱动的机场轮辙仪在速度均匀性、动态压强分布及试验数据稳定性均优于曲柄连杆驱动的标准轮辙仪。在高胎压条件下，沥青混合料易发生剪切破坏，轮辙深度显著增加，EA15-AC-13、EA20-AC-13的轮辙深度分别较标准压强增大约34倍与5倍，且动稳定度随胎压升高呈剧烈衰减趋势。由于粗集料骨架嵌挤效应，SMA-13级配展现出更优异的抗轮辙能力，其动稳定度较AC-13级配显著提升。此外，低环氧掺量的沥青混合料，在高压强的试验条件下，级配的影响可能超过环氧掺量对沥青混合料抗轮辙性能的影响。20%环氧掺量的沥青混合料在1.5 MPa胎压下动稳定度大于10 000次/mm,满足机场重交通区域需求，同时相较于50%环氧掺量的沥青混合料降低了约50%的成本。因此，建议机场环氧沥青道面的环氧掺量不低于20%,并将轮辙试验压强提升至1.5 MPa,以更准确地评估机场道面的抗轮辙性能。更多还原

【Abstract】 The inflation pressure of new-generation aircraft tires has universally reached 1.5 MPa, whereas that of highway vehicle tires is typically maintained between 0.4 and 0.7 MPa. Consequently, the evaluation of rutting resistance in airport asphalt pavements under high-load conditions is deemed critical for ensuring their long-term durability. To address the high-load demands of airport pavements, the driving mechanism of a conventional wheel track device was redesigned, and a novel servo motor-driven high-tire-pressure airport wheel track device was developed. Its stability was assessed through experimental performance comparisons with standard wheel track devices. The evolution of rutting resistance in asphalt mixtures with low epoxy content and varying gradations was systematically investigated under high tire pressure. The results indicate that the servo-driven airport wheel track device is superior to the crank-link mechanism-driven standard devices in speed uniformity, dynamic pressure distribution, and test data stability. Under high tire pressure conditions, asphalt mixtures are prone to shear failure, and the rutting depth is observed to increase significantly. The rutting depths of EA15-AC-13 and EA20-AC-13 are increased by approximately 34 times and 5 times respectively compared to the standard pressure, and the dynamic stability is observed to attenuate sharply with the increase of tire pressure. Owing to the interlocking effect of coarse aggregate skeletons, the SMA-13 gradation demonstrated superior rutting resistance, with dynamic stability significantly exceeding that of the AC-13 gradation. Furthermore, under high-pressure conditions, the influence of gradation was found to potentially surpass that of epoxy content on rutting resistance. The dynamic stability of asphalt mixture with 20% epoxy content is measured to be greater than 10 000 passes/mm at 1.5 MPa, meeting requirements for heavy-traffic airport zones, while reducing the cost by approximately 50% compared to the mixture with 50% epoxy content. Consequently, it is recommended that the epoxy content in airport epoxy-modified asphalt pavements should not be less than 20%, and rutting test pressure should be elevated to 1.5 MPa for accurate assessment.更多还原