【摘要】 光伏等新能源及储能系统基于电力电子接口融入微电网，其低惯量问题显著，面临严峻的频率稳定风险。为了改善微电网频率动态特性，利用模型预测控制(model predictive control, MPC)协同优化外环与内环，提出了一种基于级联模型预测(cascaded model predictive control, CMPC)的虚拟同步机(virtual synchronous generator, VSG)控制策略。在外环，利用MPC的滚动优化，对输入VSG的有功功率参考值进行实时修正。在内环，优化通过两个阶段寻找最优电压矢量(voltage vector, VV)的离散空间矢量模型预测控制(discrete space vector model predictive control, DSVM-MPC)方法，减少跟踪外环输出误差，使频率控制更为精确。仿真结果表明，所提策略能够提升频率响应和限流效果，避免频率过冲。更多还原

【Abstract】 Photovoltaic and other renewable energy sources, along with energy storage systems, are integrated into microgrids through power electronic interfaces. This results in a significant low-inertia issue, posing severe frequency stability risks. To enhance the frequency dynamic performance of microgrids, VSG(virtual synchronous generator) control strategy based on CMPC(cascaded model predictive control) was proposed, leveraging MPC(model predictive control) to collaboratively optimize both the outer and inner loops. In the outer loop, the rolling optimization capability of MPC was utilized to dynamically adjust the active power reference input to the VSG in real time. In the inner loop, DSVM-MPC(discrete space vector model predictive control) method was employed, which optimizes the selection of the optimal VV(voltage vector) through a two-stage process. This approach minimizes tracking errors from the outer loop output, leading to more precise frequency control. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed strategy improves frequency response and current limiting performance while effectively preventing frequency overshoot.更多还原