【摘要】 消耗臭氧层物质（ozone-depleting substances,ODS）因其对臭氧层的破坏作用，已成为全球环境保护领域的重点关注对象。作为使用ODS的重要省份之一，广东省ODS的淘汰工作对中国履行《蒙特利尔议定书》的承诺至关重要。为深入了解广东省ODS备案管理的现状，对2023年广东省涉ODS的330家企业的备案信息进行了统计分析，并筛选出代表性企业进行实地调研，同时对重点行业企业开展了现场采样和实验室分析。结果表明：(1)广东省已建立较为完善的备案体系，明确了备案范围、流程及管理部门，并制定了地方管理规定；整体备案管理效果良好，备案企业数量增长迅速，自2022年至2023年增加了122家，备案率提升了7.4%，且被调研企业中未发现超量使用ODS的情况；然而，整体备案率为87.5%，准确率仅为78.6%，备案的完整性和准确性仍有待提升。(2)现场调研发现，实际涉及使用与销售含氢氯氟烃（hydrochlorofluorocarbons,HCFCs）-142b的企业存在备案缺失或信息不准确的现象，反映出监管存在薄弱环节；同时，在ODS维修回收领域，企业层面具体ODS物质种类的备案空白与维修活动中未对ODS进行回收共同构成管理挑战，揭示了回收机制尚不完善。(3)重点行业采样分析发现未备案企业回收的制冷剂中含有ODS成分，且存在已淘汰物质CFC-12的存量风险。针对ODS备案管理，建议进一步加强对深圳市、广州市等重点地区的监管力度，尤其是对HCFC-142b的监管，以及对报废机动车回收行业的存量管控。更多还原

【Abstract】 The ozone-depleting substances(ODS) have become a critical issue in global environmental protection due to their destructive impact on the ozone layer.As a major user of ODS, Guangdong Province’s progress in phasing out these substances plays a crucial role in China’s commitment to the Montreal Protocol.To better understand the current status of ODS registration management in Guangdong Province, this study conducted a statistical survey of the registration information from 330 enterprises involved with ODS in 2023.Representative enterprises were selected for on-site investigations, and field sampling and laboratory analysis were carried out for key industry enterprises.The results indicate that Guangdong Province has established a relatively comprehensive registration system, clearly defining the scope, processes, and managing authorities for registration and formulating local management regulations.The overall effectiveness of registration management is good, with a rapid increase in the number of registered enterprises—122 more from 2022 to 2023—resulting in a 7.4% increase in the registration rate.Moreover, no excessive ODS usage is found among the surveyed enterprises.However, the overall registration rate stands at 87.5%, with accuracy only at 78.6%, indicating that the completeness and accuracy of registrations still need improvement.On-site investigations reveal that some enterprises involved in using and selling HCFC-142b have incomplete or inaccurate registration information, highlighting weak links in the regulatory chain.Additionally, within the ODS recycling sector, gaps in specific ODS substance registrations at the enterprise level, combined with inadequate ODS recovery practices, pose management challenges, revealing shortcomings in the recovery mechanism.Sampling analysis from key industries show that unregistered enterprises recover refrigerants containing ODS components, raising concerns about the remaining stock of the banned CFC-12.Regarding ODS registration management, it is recommended that regulatory efforts in regions such as Shenzhen and Guangzhou should be strengthened, particularly concerning the oversight of HCFC-142b and the management of stockpiles in the end-of-life vehicle recycling industries.更多还原