【摘要】 九一八事变后,日本炮制伪满洲国,并通过《日满议定书》中强制性条款将东北所有铁路的经营权攫取到手。从此,东北铁路彻底沦为日本殖民侵略中国东北、掠夺东北资源、镇压抗日力量、盘剥压榨东北民众的工具。为此,满铁构建了一整套适应战时体制的铁路警护政策,以期在战时体制下保障铁路运输畅通无阻。不仅如此,铁路沿线的东北民众也被日伪殖民当局强制裹挟到“铁路爱护”运动中。以日本退伍军人为主体组建的铁路自警村,则肩负着警备铁路和开发沿线产业的“国策”使命。由是,伪满洲国的铁路不仅承载着交通运输的重责,还是日伪当局推行“日满一体”、军事“国防”、社会“治安”、经济“开发”乃至文化侵略的综合实体。更多还原

【Abstract】 After the September 18th Incident,Japan established the puppet state of Manchukuo and,through the " Japan-Manchukuo Protocol," seized control of all railways in Northeast China.From then on,these railways became the instruments of Japanese colonial aggression,resource plunder,suppression of resistance forces,and economic exploitation.To ensure wartime railway transportation,the " South Manchuria" Railway Company formulated protection policies.Meanwhile,local residents along railway lines were forced by the Japanese and puppet authorities to be involved in the so-called " Railway Protection Movement." Railway self-defense villages,composed mainly of Japanese veterans,shouldered the responsibilities of guarding railways and developing industries along the railway lines.Thus,the railways of the puppet Manchukuo not only performed the function of transport services but also secured the implementation of "Japan-Manchukuo integration" and military defense policy and the achievement of social control,economic "development," and cultural aggression.更多还原