【摘要】 在“新医科”与中医药振兴战略双重背景下，中医院校中西医结合基础实验教学面临多学科交叉深度不足、临床情景缺失、高成本高风险实验难以开展等痛点。南京中医药大学教学团队依托国家虚拟仿真实验教学共享平台（iLab-X），遴选并自主开发8项具有中医特色、贴近临床、横跨基础与前沿的虚拟仿真实验，构建“指导性自学—开放实验—多元考核”一体化教学模式，对164名临床医学本科生实施教学实践。问卷调查与成绩分析显示：90.25%学生认为虚拟仿真实验“非常有必要”或“有必要”；该虚拟仿真课程在操作规范、理论综合、临床思维及课程思政等维度均取得较理想的教学效果；学生提出“提升仿真度”“增加手术类项目”等改进建议。结果表明，该模式以低成本、可重复、跨时空的方式有效弥补了实体实验短板，显著提升了学生的多学科整合能力、临床胜任力与中医药文化自信，为中医院校中西医结合基础实验教学改革提供了可复制、可推广的范式。更多还原

【Abstract】 Against the backdrop of "New Medical Science" and the national strategy for revitalizing traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),experimental teaching of basic disciplines of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine in TCM universities faces three chronic pain points:insufficient depth of interdisciplinary integration, absence of authentic clinical scenarios, and the high cost or ethical risk of many cutting-edge experiments. To solve these problems, a multidisciplinary teaching team at Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine relied on the National Virtual Simulation Experimental Teaching Sharing Platform(iLab-X) to carefully select and self-develop eight virtual-simulation experiments(VSEs) that are distinctly TCM-oriented, closely related to clinical practice, and span both basic and frontier disciplines. Representative projects include "prevention and treatment of cytokine storm in respiratory virus-infected patients"(self-developed), "molecular mechanism of ephedrine-induced bronchodilation", and "evidence-based efficacy of Si-Wu decoction in blood-deficiency syndrome". A unified teaching model( "guided self-study → open-experiment platform → diversified assessment") was constructed and delivered to 164 clinical-medicine undergraduates. Students completed the VSEs online according to tailor-made guidebooks that embed laboratory-safety knowledge, TCM core values and ideological-political elements, and then submitted reflective lab reports that were graded with a rubric rewarding scientific rigor, clinical reasoning and cultural confidence.Mixed-method evaluation yielded three main findings. First, a post-course questionnaire showed that 90.25 % of participants considered the VSEs "absolutely necessary" or "necessary". Second, the VSEs have achieved satisfactory teaching outcomes across multiple dimensions, including operational standards, theoretical integration, clinical reasoning, and curriculum-based ideological and political education. Third, thematic analysis of open feedback indicated that students especially valued the repeatable, error-friendly nature of VSEs, but they also explicitly requested richer surgical scenarios, higher anatomical fidelity, stronger alignment between experiment content and theoretical lectures, and more detailed instructions.The study therefore demonstrates that the proposed open-platform VSE model can, at low cost and in a repeatable, trans-spatial and trans-temporal manner, effectively compensate for the shortcomings of physical laboratories, significantly enhance students’ interdisciplinary integration ability, clinical competence and TCM cultural confidence, and provide a replicable, scalable paradigm for the reform of experimental teaching of basic disciplines of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine in TCM universities. Future work will concentrate on integrating haptic feedback, AI-based tutoring and inter-institutional cloud competitions to sustain continuous pedagogical innovation.更多还原