【摘要】 随着航天装备的大型化与轻质化，在复杂激励下诱发的低频振动已逐步成为影响其精度、稳定性与可靠性等指标的关键所在。受海马外骨骼在强烈外部冲击下能够有效保护其脊椎的生物力学原理启发，设计了一种仿海马外骨骼的六边形隔振结构。建立其动力学理论模型，系统研究了结构参数对仿海马外骨骼六边形结构静态刚度和承载能力的影响规律。基于拉格朗日方程建立了系统的动力学方程，基于谐波平衡法获取了近似传递率，研究了结构参数对隔振结构低频隔振性能的影响规律。设计并搭建了实验系统，验证了仿海马外骨骼六边形隔振结构动力学模型及其低频隔振性能。结果表明，仿海马外骨骼六边形隔振结构具有较大的准零刚度工作区间，通过结构参数调节可以获得1.9 Hz的峰值频率，在低频段具有较好的隔振效果。本研究对于仿海马外骨骼隔振结构的设计与研制具有一定的指导意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the large-scale and lightweight trend of aerospace equipment, low-frequency vibrations induced by complex excitations have become a critical factor affecting accuracy, stability, and reliability. Inspired by the biomechanical principle of seahorse exoskeleton has the ability of protecting its vertebrae from injury under strong external impacts, a hexagonal vibration isolation structure mimicking the seahorse exoskeleton is proposed. The dynamic theoretical model is established, and the effects of structural parameters on the static stiffness and loading capacity of the seahorse exoskeleton inspired hexagonal structure are investigated. The dynamic equations are established based on the Lagrange formulation, the approximate transmissibility is obtained with the harmonic balance method. The effects of the structural parameters on the low-frequency vibration isolation performance are evaluated. An experimental system was built to validate the dynamic model of the seahorse exoskeleton hexagonal vibration isolation structure and its low-frequency vibration isolation performance. The results show that the seahorse exoskeleton hexagonal vibration isolation structure has a large quasi-zero stiffness working range, and the peak frequency of 1.9 Hz can be obtained by adjusting the structural parameters, and it has a better vibration isolation effect in the low-frequency band. This research offers theoretical and experimental guidance for the design and development of seahorse-inspired vibration isolation structures.更多还原