【摘要】 高可靠嵌入式软件广泛部署于航空航天、工业控制、车载系统等安全攸关领域，其运行环境往往伴随极端温度波动、电磁干扰、高能粒子辐射等严苛条件，易引发数据位翻转、数据位错等硬件级异常，导致系统功能失效甚至引发重大安全事故。为提升高可靠嵌入式软件的运行时安全性与可靠性，提出一种面向高可靠嵌入式软件的运行时验证方法。首先，对目标程序开展静态分析，提取指令间的跳转依赖关系并构建指令控制流先验信息表；其次，设计轻量级监控模块，实时捕获程序运行时总线的指令流数据，同时通过验证单元结合先验信息表完成运行时指令序列的正确性校验；最后，基于FPGA平台实现该验证框架，并开展实验验证。实验结果表明，所提方法能够有效保障高可靠嵌入式软件的运行正确性，且在资源开销与验证延迟方面满足嵌入式场景的约束要求。更多还原

【Abstract】 High-reliability embedded software is widely deployed in safety-critical domains such as aerospace, industrial control, and automotive systems, often operating under harsh conditions including extreme temperature fluctuations, electromagnetic interference, and high-energy particle radiation.These conditions can easily trigger hardware-level anomalies like single-event upsets and data bit flips, leading to system functional failures or even major safety incidents.To enhance the runtime safety and reliability of high-reliability embedded software, this paper proposes a runtime verification method tailored for such software.Firstly, it performs static analysis on the target program to extract jump dependencies between instructions and constructs a priori instruction control flow information table.Secondly, it designs a lightweight monitoring module to capture real-time instruction flow data from the program’s bus, while verifying the correctness of the runtime instruction sequence through validation units combined with the a priori information table.Finally, it implements the verification framework on an FPGA platform and conducts experimental validation.The results demonstrate that the proposed method effectively ensures the correctness of high-reliability embedded software while meeting the resource constraints and verification latency requirements of embedded scenarios.更多还原