【摘要】 从小培养幼儿掌握同伴交往的问题解决能力具有长远价值。采用情境访谈法对314名幼儿同伴交往的问题解决能力进行评估，结果发现，幼儿同伴交往的问题解决能力存在年龄效应，但性别效应不显著；非独生子女发展水平优于独生子女；幼儿同伴交往的问题解决能力存在一些典型表现，如惯于将同伴问题的发生归因于他者，忽视对自身及其他客观要素的思考；偏向预测社交行为的外显性、即时性结果，对隐匿性、滞后性结果预测较少；关于同伴问题的解决方法以消极性、中性为主，对积极性解决方法的掌握数量不多；关于解决同伴问题的策略决策的建设性程度不高。未来应端正对幼儿同伴交往问题的价值认识，关注幼儿同伴交往的问题解决能力发展需求，给予相关教育和支持，促进幼儿同伴交往的问题解决能力的发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 Cultivating young children’s skills to solve peer problems has long-term value implications.This study used the situational interview method toassess the peer problem-solving skills of 314 young children.The results showed that there was an age effect on the peer problem-solving ability of young children, but the gender effect was not significant; Non only children have better development than only children.In addition, there are some typical manifestations of the peer problem-solving skills among young children.They tend to attribute peer problems to others and neglect their own and other objective factors.They tend to predict explicit and immediate outcomes of social behavior, with less emphasis on predicting hidden and delayed outcomes; The solutions to peer problems are mainly passive and neutral, and there are not many positive solutions mastered.The constructive level of strategic decision-making for solving peer problems is not high.In the future, we should recognize the value of peer problem solving among young children, pay attention to the development needs of the peer problem-solving skills among young children, and provide relevant education.更多还原