【摘要】 本研究针对东北地区104份甜菜种质资源进行性状评价，以期筛选出优异的种质资源，并为甜菜种质资源的改良和新品种选育提供理论依据。将22个指标进行主成分分析、相关性分析、遗传多样性分析以及聚类分析。结果表明，13个质量性状，遗传多样性指数为0.05～1.07;9个数量性状变异系数为8.02%～55.74%，遗传多样性指数为1.88～2.27。其中褐斑病变异指数最大，生长势变异系数最小。通过主成分分析法将22个指标转化为6个主成分,并通过聚类分析将104个甜菜种质资源分为4类。甜菜种质资源之间具有较大的遗传差异，生长势、株高、叶柄宽、叶柄长、根沟深浅、根形、根皮色、叶色是影响甜菜表型差异与产量的重要因素，可作为亲本筛选与种质资源评价的主要形态指标。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this study, 104 sugar beet germplasm resources from Northeast China were evaluated with the aim of screening elite sugar beet germplasm and providing a theoretical basis for further germplasm improvement and breeding. Principal component analysis, correlation analysis, genetic diversity analysis and cluster analysis were performed on 22 traits. The results showed that the coefficients of variation for the 13 qualitative traits ranged from 0.96% to 99.04%, with genetic diversity indices ranging from 0.05 to 1.07, while the coefficients of variation for the 9 quantitative traits ranged from 8.02% to 55.74%, with genetic diversity indices ranging from 1.88 to2.27. Among these traits, cercospora leaf spot exhibited the largest variation index, whereas growth vigor had the smallest coefficient of variation. The 22 traits were reduced to six principal components by principal component analysis, and the 104 sugar beet germplasm resources were classified into four groups by cluster analysis. There were large genetic differences among the sugar beet germplasm resources. Growth vigor, plant height, petiole width, petiole length, root furrow depth, root shape, root skin color and leaf color were identified as important factors affecting phenotypic variation and yield in sugar beet and can be used as major morphological indicators for parent selection and germplasm evaluation.更多还原