【摘要】 党的二十届四中全会作出建设现代化产业体系的部署，“十五五”规划纲要进一步明确了中国产业链重塑方向。在“十四五”时期，中国产业链重塑取得显著成效，实体经济与数字经济融合、传统产业“发新芽”、新兴产业崛起、韧性提升、绿色化转型实现“质的提升”和区域协同发展实现地区优势互补。“十五五”时期中国产业链重塑面临核心技术“卡脖子”、高端资源要素供给不足、全球产业链“去中国化”、产业链与创新链脱节等挑战。鉴于此，未来可从技术创新、市场驱动、政策保障、资本支持、产业协同和国际合作六个维度探索产业链重塑路径，在统筹安全和效率的基础上，推动“十五五”时期现代化产业体系健全和发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Fourth Plenary Session of the 20 th CPC Central Committee proposed the deployment of building a modern industrial system, and the Outline of the 15 th Five-Year Plan further clarified the direction for reshaping China’s industrial chain. During the 14 th Five-Year Plan period, China achieved significant progress in industrial chain restructuring, including the integration of the real economy and digital economy, the revitalization of traditional industries, the rise of emerging industries, enhanced resilience, green transformation achieves a "qualitative improvement", and regional coordinated development achieves complementary regional advantages. In the 15 th Five-Year Plan period, China faces challenges such as "bottleneck" issues in core technologies, insufficient supply of high-end resources, the "de-Chinaization" of global industrial chains, and the disconnection between industrial chains and innovation chains. In light of these challenges, future efforts can explore reshaping mechanisms from six dimensions—technological innovation, market-driven approaches, policy support, capital assistance, industrial collaboration. On the basis of coordinating security and efficiency, promote the improvement and development of the modern industrial system during the 15 th Five-Year.更多还原