【摘要】 公平竞争审查制度是规范政府行为、优化营商环境的关键抓手，也是推进高标准市场体系建设的重要制度基础。党的二十届四中全会指出，坚决破除阻碍全国统一大市场建设卡点堵点，强化反垄断和反不正当竞争执法司法。当前，从学理层面深入分析公平竞争审查制度的研究尚显不足，难以为制度的持续优化提供坚实的理论支撑。针对典型案例的分析表明，滥用行政权力限制竞争的案件在地域、领域、涉及主体和违规内容方面存在显著特征。但整体而言，公平竞争审查制度已经取得良好成效，其组织保障贯穿制度构建、审查实施、监督问责等环节，并形成以权力监督、制约与规范为基础的“三位一体”治理模式，这背后蕴藏着制度逻辑、治理逻辑与运行逻辑的有机统一。未来，需进一步深化公平竞争审查制度改革，平衡合法性与适应性之间的张力，在保障市场主体权益的基础上，增强制度对复杂环境的适应能力。更多还原

【Abstract】 The fair competition review system serves as a key mechanism for regulating government conduct and optimizing the business environment, as well as an important institutional foundation for advancing the construction of a high-standard market system. The Fourth Plenary Session of the 20 th CPC Central Committee pointed out: resolutely remove the obstacles to the construction of a national unified market, strengthen the anti-monopoly and anti-unfair competition law enforcement and judicial. However, in-depth theoretical analysis of the fair competition review system remains insufficient, failing to provide solid theoretical support for its continuous improvement. An analysis of typical cases reveals that cases involving the abuse of administrative power to restrict competition exhibit distinct characteristics in terms of geography, sector, involved entities, and types of violations. Overall, however, the fair competition review system has achieved significant results. Its organizational safeguards span institutional construction, review implementation, supervision, and accountability, forming a tripartite governance model based on the oversight, restraint, and regulation of power. Underlying this model is an organic integration of institutional logic, governance logic, and operational logic.更多还原