【摘要】 针对拖拉机在犁耕工况下因泥土阻力导致匀速行驶能耗大以及地头转向时频繁启制动造成制动能量严重浪费的问题，提出一种液电混合动力与增程式混合动力协同工作的系统架构，其中增程式系统专用于匀速行驶工况，液电混合系统专门处理启制动工况。以甲醇发动机-发电机作为增程器，使其始终工作在高效区为电池充电，由电机作为主要驱动元件；同时，引入液压泵/马达和蓄能器，在启动时辅助电机驱动，在制动时回收动能。通过制定犁耕工况控制策略，完成动力系统关键参数设计与选型，并建立多学科联合仿真模型进行分析验证。结果表明：该混合动力系统取得了显著的节能效果，制动过程中系统的制动能量回收率达到46.9%;启动过程中，液压系统的辅助使电机平均扭矩降低了49.2%;在一个完整启制动过程中，系统总能耗降低了39.9%。更多还原

【Abstract】 In response to the issue of high energy consumption during uniform driving experienced by tractors due to soil resistance under plowing conditions, as well as severe energy waste caused by frequent starts and stops during headland turns, a system architecture was proposed that integrated hydraulic-electric hybrid and range-extended hybrid power to work collaboratively.In this system, the range-extended configuration was dedicated to uniform driving conditions, while the hydraulic-electric hybrid system was specifically designed to handle start-stop conditions.A methanol engine-generator set was utilized as the range extender, which was consistently operated within its high-efficiency zone to charge the battery, with the electric motor serving as the primary driving unit.Simultaneously, a hydraulic pump/motor and an accumulator were introduced to assist the motor during startup and recover kinetic energy during braking.By formulating a control strategy for plowing conditions, the key parameters of the power system were designed and selected, and a multidisciplinary co-simulation model was established for analysis and validation.The results indicate that the proposed hybrid system achieves significant energy-saving effects: during the braking process, the braking energy recovery rate of the system reaches 46.9%;during the startup process, the assistance from the hydraulic system reduces the average torque of the motor by 49.2%;and throughout a complete start-stop cycle, the total energy consumption of the system is reduced by 39.9%.更多还原