【摘要】 本试验以牛粪和小麦秸秆为堆肥材料，设置不同C/N处理组(分别为25/1,30/1、35/1),通过添加外源菌酶制剂进行牛粪堆肥进程中真菌多样性的影响研究。结果表明，各处理组堆肥末期的Shannon指数、Chaol指数均有增加，且处理组的真菌丰度及多样性均比无添加组高。在堆肥初期、高温期、结束期各组优势真菌门均为子囊菌门(Ascomycota),丰度达95%以上，占据绝对优势。在堆肥初始期和高温期，添加菌酶制剂组的子囊菌门丰度大于无添加组。堆肥整个时期，散囊菌纲(Eurotiomycetes)和曲霉属(Aspergillus)成为添加菌酶制剂处理组优势真菌，丰度均为60%以上。而无添加处理组在堆肥初期，散囊菌纲和曲霉属为优势菌落；堆肥结束时，演替为粪壳菌纲(Sordariomycetes)和嗜碱真菌属(Sodiomyces),丰度均为65%以上。更多还原

【Abstract】 This study investigated the effects of exogenous microbial-enzymatic agents on fungal diversity during cattle manure composting using cattle manure and wheat straw as raw materials under different initial C/N ratios(25:1, 30:1, and 35:1). The results showed that the Shannon and Chao1 indices increased by the end of composting in all treatment groups, with both fungal abundance and diversity being higher in groups supplemented with the agents than in the control group without additives. Throughout the composting process-initial, thermophilic, and maturation stages-Ascomycota remained the overwhelmingly dominant fungal phylum across all groups, accounting for more than 95% of the relative abundance. During the initial and thermophilic phases, the relative abundance of Ascomycota was higher in groups treated with the microbial-enzymatic agents than in the control. Across the entire composting period, Eurotiomycetes and Aspergillus were the dominant fungal class and genus, respectively, in the treatment groups receiving the agents, each comprising over 60% of the relative abundance. In contrast, while Eurotiomycetes and Aspergillus were also dominant in the control group during the initial stage, they were succeeded by Sordariomycetes and Sodiomyces by the maturation stage, with both exceeding 65% in relative abundance.更多还原