【摘要】 目的 了解某市2024年新报告人类免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus, HIV)/艾滋病(acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, AIDS)病例高危行为接触信息和阳性接触者的追踪情况，并分析相关影响因素，为制定适合该市的调查方案和防控策略提供参考。方法 选择某市2024年新报告并接受追踪调查的HIV/AIDS病例，收集其一般人口学、HIV检测史和高危行为接触史等信息，采用logistic回归分析模型分析病例提供接触者有效信息和追踪到阳性接触者的影响因素。结果 多因素logistic回归分析模型分析结果显示，已婚有配偶者(与未婚相比，OR=1.707, 95%CI:1.186～2.456)、接受CD4~+T淋巴细胞检测者(与不接受相比，OR=3.075, 95%CI:1.799～5.256)和有阴性检测史者(与无阴性检测史相比，OR=1.519, 95%CI:1.090～2.117)更容易提供高危行为接触有效信息(均P<0.05)。进一步分析发现，女性(与男性相比，OR=5.572, 95%CI:3.534～8.787)、提供的高危行为接触者是配偶(与提供的高危行为接触者是异性商业性伴相比，OR=2.178, 95%CI:1.211～3.920)、有阴性检测史者(与无阴性检测史相比，OR=1.716, 95%CI:1.047～2.813)和通过指示病例与工作人员共同动员检测者(与工作人员动员检测相比，OR=5.431, 95%CI:3.269～9.023)更容易追踪到阳性高危行为接触者(均P<0.05)。结论 在新报告HIV/AIDS病例追踪调查中，有阴性检测史和通过指示病例与工作人员共同动员检测的病例更容易获得接触者有效信息并追踪到阳性。应结合阴性检测史开展调查，动员病例和工作人员协同告知，提高追踪调查工作效率。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To understand the factors influencing the provision of effective information on high-risk behaviors and the tracing of positive contacts among newly reported HIV/AIDS cases in a city in 2024, and to provide references for developing investigation protocols and prevention strategies tailored for the city. Methods Newly reported HIV/AIDS cases who received tracing contacts exposed to high-risk behaviors in a city in 2024 were selected for this study. Information on general demographic characteristics, history of HIV testing, and exposure to high-risk behaviors was collected. Logistic regression models were used to analyze factors influencing the provision of effective contact information by cases and the tracing of positive contacts. Results Multifactorial logistic regression analysis showed that cases who were married(vs. unmarried, OR=1.707, 95% CI: 1.186-2.456), those who had undergone CD4~+T lymphocyte test(vs. those who had not, OR=3.075, 95% CI: 1.799-5.256), and those with a history of negative HIV test results(vs. those without, OR=1.519, 95% CI: 1.090-2.117) were more likely to provide effective information on contacts exposed to high-risk behaviors(all P<0.05). Further analysis showed that women(vs. men, OR=5.572, 95% CI: 3.534-8.787), those providing spouse information(vs. providing information on heterosexual commercial partners, OR=2.178, 95% CI: 1.211-3.920), those with a history of negative HIV test results(vs. those without, OR=1.716, 95% CI: 1.047-2.813), and those elicited contact testing by both index cases and staff(vs. staff-elicited testing, OR=5.431, 95% CI: 3.269-9.023) were more likely to trace positive contacts exposed to high-risk behaviors(all P<0.05). Conclusions In the contact tracing investigation of newly reported HIV/AIDS cases, those with a history of negative HIV test results and those elicited contact testing by both index cases and staff are more likely to provide effective information on contacts and trace positive contacts. To improve the efficiency of contact tracing investigations, investigations should be conducted in conjunction with the history of negative HIV test, while eliciting contacts testing by both index cases and staff.更多还原