【摘要】 文章综述了现有证据，探讨0～3岁婴幼儿屏幕暴露与认知发展之间的关联。认为，屏幕暴露起始月龄提前且总时长偏高，暴露模式由被动观看扩展至触屏应用与交互使用;较早的屏幕暴露起始月龄与较长时间的屏幕暴露与注意维持、执行功能及语言发展不良相关，且背景屏幕可能通过增加环境干扰并减少照护者语言输入与亲子互动，进一步影响儿童早期认知。相较被动观看，在成人共同参与、内容适龄且质量较高的情境下，屏幕使用对学习的潜在益处有限且受婴幼儿发展水平的限制。基于文献研究结果，建议未来加强因果推断设计与客观暴露测量，完善认知结局评估，验证潜在机制，为婴幼儿健康管理提供更可靠依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper synthesizes current evidence to explore the association between screen exposure and cognitive development in infants and toddlers aged 0-3 years. Evidence indicates that screen exposure is initiated at a younger age with relatively high total durations,and exposure patterns have expanded from passive viewing to touchscreen-based applications and interactive use. Earlier age of initiation and longer duration of screen exposure are associated with poorer outcomes in sustained attention,executive function,and language development. Background screen exposure may further impair early cognition by increasing environmental distraction and reducing caregiver language input and parent-child interaction. Compared with passive viewing,screen use in contexts characterized by adult co-engagement and ageappropriate,high-quality content shows limited potential learning benefits,which are constrained by the developmental level of the infants and toddlers. Based on these findings,future research should strengthen causal inference,employ objective exposure measurement,refine cognitive outcome assessments,and investigate underlying mechanisms to provide more reliable evidence for health management in infants and toddlers.更多还原