【摘要】 武凯芝诠释了长江三角洲北部地区农家经济的“半殖民地化”模型，认为张謇式的近代精英在追求实业救国、抵制帝国主义侵略活动时，最终沦为了帝国主义的帮凶，加剧了对农民的剥削，阻碍了农民发展之路，激发了普遍的反抗。武凯芝的核心论点不自觉地沿袭了20世纪初俄国民粹派的理论，把资本主义发展以及资本主义不发展、传统利益集团对新式社会经济形态的抵制，特别是旧的特权阶层的阻挠破坏所造成的底层民众苦难的罪恶，统统强加给了以张謇为代表的近代工商精英。武凯芝所崇尚的中国近代农民之路，不过是一条标示着通向“天堂”却连接“地狱”、闪着金光却抵达苦海的虚幻之路。更多还原

【Abstract】 Wu Kaizhi interprets the model of the " semi-colonialization " of peasant household economies in the northern Yangtze River Delta.She argues that modern elites of Zhang Jian’s type,while pursuing national salvation through industry and resisting imperialist aggression,ultimately became accomplices of imperialism.They intensified exploitation of peasants,blocked their paths of development,and triggered widespread resistance.Unconsciously,Wu Kaizhi’s core arguments follow the theories of the Russian Narodniks in the early 20th century.She attributes the sufferings of the grassroots people,caused both by the development and underdevelopment of capitalism,as well as the resistance of traditional interest groups to new socio-economic forms—especially the obstruction and sabotage by old privileged strata—entirely to modern industrial and commercial elites represented by Zhang Jian.The path for modern Chinese peasants advocated by Wu Kaizhi is nothing but an illusory road:one marked as leading to "paradise" yet connected to "hell",gleaming with golden splendor but ultimately heading toward bitter hardship.更多还原