【摘要】 电磁屏蔽材料可以保护人体免受电磁波危害，保证电子设备正常工作。传统电磁屏蔽材料的电磁屏蔽性能受到其固定的结构、尺寸限制，难以根据外部环境变化进行动态调控，开发智能电磁屏蔽材料是解决这一问题的手段之一。智能电磁屏蔽材料可以对外界不同的刺激进行响应，从而改变自身屏蔽性能，进而更好地适应不同的使用环境。本文针对智能电磁屏蔽材料的研究工作进行综述，首先简要阐述了智能电磁屏蔽机制，包括应力响应机制、温度响应机制、湿度响应机制、化学刺激响应机制和其他响应机制(电响应机制、交叉角响应机制)，其次总结分析了不同智能电磁屏蔽材料的制备方法和应用性能，最后就智能电磁屏蔽材料在响应时间、响应灵敏度、响应机制和屏蔽效能等方面的发展进行了展望。更多还原

【Abstract】 Electromagnetic interference shielding materials can protect the human body from the harm of electromagnetic waves and ensure the normal operation of electronic devices. The electromagnetic interference shielding performance of traditional electromagnetic interference shielding materials is limited by their fixed structure and size, making it difficult to dynamically adjust according to changes in the external environment. Developing electromagnetic interference shielding materials with smart response capabilities is one way to solve this problem. Smart electromagnetic interference shielding materials can respond to various external factors better, adapting to different usage environments. This article provides a comprehensive review of the research work on smart electromagnetic interference shielding materials. Firstly, the smart response electromagnetic interference shielding mechanisms are briefly explained, including the stress response mechanism, temperature response mechanism, humidity response mechanism, chemical stimuli response mechanism, and other response mechanisms(electric response mechanism, cross-angle response mechanism). Secondly, the preparation methods and application performances of different smart electromagnetic interference shielding materials were summarized and analyzed. Finally, the development of smart electromagnetic interference shielding materials is looked forward to in terms of response time, response sensitivity, response mechanisms, and shielding efficiency.更多还原