【摘要】 目的 探究新蔡县新报告病例中HIV感染晚诊断人群状况以及治疗前基线检测指标特征。方法 选取新蔡县艾滋病确证实验室2020—2023年新报告的HIV感染者或艾滋病患者(HIV/AIDS)病例，按照目前HIV感染晚诊断定义标准，对晚诊断和非晚诊断两组病例的感染特征进行分析，对比两组人群的人口学特征、WB条带、血常规和生化等基线检测结果 差异。结果2020—2023年新蔡县报告的105名病例，晚诊断病例44例(41.90%)，非晚诊断组61例(58.10%)。晚诊断组男38例、女6例，年龄(50.93±14.88)岁，61.36%为异性感染。非晚诊断组男、女人数分别为46、15例，年龄(48.85±15.15)岁，异性感染占54.10%。两组病例在样本来源和CD4细胞绝对数的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。WB带型分析发现，两组病例的ENV、POL和GAG 3种结构蛋白基因的抗体条带差异无统计学意义(P >0.05)。基线血常规和生化检测结果显示，晚诊断组的血常规淋巴细胞总数、血红蛋白、血清白蛋白、白球比水平低于非晚诊断组(P<0.05)，而球蛋白、谷草转氨酶则高于非晚诊断组，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 新蔡县新报告HIV/AIDS病例中晚诊断占比较高，晚诊断患者伴有免疫状态下降、血常规及肝功能部分指标异常，应加强该人群的基线检测和异常检测结果的监控。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the late diagnosis of HIV infection among newly reported cases and the characteristics of baseline indicators before treatment in Xincai County. Methods The newly reported human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome( HIV/AIDS) cases in Xincai County from 2020 to 2023 were selected. In accordance with the criteria for the definition of late diagnosis of HIV/AIDS in China,the late diagnosis and non-late diagnosis were analyzed,and the baseline results of WB bands,blood routine and biochemistry were compared between the two groups. Results A total of105 cases were reported in Xincai County from 2020 to 2023,including 44 late diagnosed( 41. 90%) and 61 non-late diagnosed( 58. 10%). In the late diagnosis group,there were 38 males and 6 females,with a mean age of( 50. 93 ± 14. 88)years,and 61. 36% were infected through heterosexual. In the non-late diagnosis group,there were 46 males and 15 females,with a mean age of( 48. 85 ± 15. 15) years,and heterosexual transmission accounted for 54. 10%. There were statistically significant differences in the source of samples and CD4 between the two groups( P < 0. 05). WB band showed that there were no statistically significant difference in the antibody bands of ENV,POL and GAG( P > 0. 05). The total lymphocytes,hemoglobin,serological albumin,and albumin to globulin ratio in the late diagnosis group were lower than those in the non-late diagnosis group between blood routine and biochemical test results( P < 0. 05). While globulin and aspartate aminotransferase were higher in the late diagnosis than the non-late diagnosis group,and the differences were statistically significant( P < 0. 05).Conclusion The proportion of late diagnosis was high among newly reported HIV/AIDS in Xincai County. The late diagnosed patients were accompanied by decreased immune status and abnormalities of blood routine and liver function. It is necessary to strengthen baseline testing and monitoring of abnormal results for this population.更多还原