【摘要】 目的 调查养老机构老年人迁移应激与心理调适的现状，并分析两者之间的关系，为制定降低老年人迁移应激水平的相关策略提供参考。方法 2021年11月至2022年12月，便利选取郑州市5所养老机构的226名老年人作为调查对象，采用一般资料调查表、应激反应问卷、心理调适量表进行问卷调查。采用Pearson相关性分析和多元线性回归分析，探讨机构老年人迁移应激与心理调适之间的关系及影响因素。结果 发放235份问卷，回收有效问卷226份，有效问卷回收率为96.17%。应激反应问卷量表条目均分为(117.59±13.83)分，心理调适问卷条目均分为(61.43±4.29)分，两者呈负相关(r=-0.885,P<0.001)。多元线性逐步回归分析结果显示，受教育程度、被探视频率、患病情况是老年人入住养老机构后迁移应激的影响因素(P<0.05),共同解释了迁移应激总变异的80%。结论 养老机构老年人迁移应激处于较高水平，与心理调适水平密切相关。老年人主要面临人际关系和情感调适的困扰，存在明显的迁移应激，增强心理调适有助于降低迁移应激水平。机构护理人员应注意评估和识别心理调适不良者，帮助老年人更好地适应和融入养老机构。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the status of relocation stress and psychological adjustment among elderly residents in care institutions, and to analyze the relationship between the two, providing a reference for formulating strategies to reduce relocation stress in the elderly. Methods From November 2021 to December 2022, 226 elderly individuals from 5 nursing homes in Zhengzhou were conveniently selected as survey participants. Questionnaires including a general information survey, stress response questionnaire, and psychological adjustment scale were administered. Pearson correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were used to explore the relationship between relocation stress and psychological adjustment and its influencing factors among institutionalized elderly. Results A total of 235 questionnaires were distributed, and 226 valid questionnaires were returned, with an effective response rate of 96.17%. The average item score for the stress response questionnaire was 117.59±13.83, and the average item score for the psychological adjustment questionnaire was 61.43±4.29, showing a negative correlation between the two(r=-0.885,P<0.001). Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis indicated that education level, frequency of visits from relatives, and health status were influencing factors of relocation stress among the elderly after moving into nursing homes(P<0.05), collectively explaining 80% of the total variance in relocation stress. Conclusion Relocation stress among elderly residents in care institutions is relatively high and closely related to their level of psychological adjustment. Elderly individuals primarily face challenges in interpersonal relationships and emotional adjustment, with evident relocation stress. Enhancing psychological adjustment can help reduce relocation stress. Care staff should assess and identify those with poor psychological adjustment to help the elderly better adapt and integrate into nursing homes.更多还原