【摘要】 目的 探讨PI3K/AKT信号通路在日光性角化症(AK)及其进展为皮肤鳞状细胞癌(cSCC)过程中的作用，通过检测该通路关键蛋白PI3K、AKT的表达水平，分析其与cSCC临床病理特征的关系。方法 选取2020年4月至2023年4月南阳市中心医院收治的AK患者与cSCC患者，各60例，分别纳入AK组、cSCC组，并选取同期皮肤整形外科手术室非癌患者60例纳入对照组。使用蛋白免疫印迹法、免疫组化染色法检测各组皮肤组织中PI3K、AKT蛋白的表达水平，并分析其与cSCC患者临床病理特征(分化程度、TNM分期、淋巴结转移等)的相关性。结果 cSCC组AKT、PI3K阳性细胞率较AK组、对照组高，AK组AKT、PI3K阳性细胞率较对照组高(P<0.05);蛋白免疫印迹法检测结果显示，cSCC组AKT、PI3K蛋白表达水平较AK组、对照组高，AK组AKT、PI3K蛋白表达水平较对照组高(P<0.05);在cSCC组织中，PI3K、AKT蛋白的高表达与低分化、存在淋巴结转移、TNM分期晚(Ⅲ～Ⅳ期)相关(P<0.05)，而与患者性别、年龄、肿瘤直径无关(P > 0.05);经Pearson相关分析显示，cSCC组织中AKT、PI3K蛋白表达呈正相关性(r=0.773,P<0.05)。结论 PI3K/AKT信号通路关键蛋白PI3K、AKT在AK及cSCC组织中表达上调，且在cSCC中表达水平与其恶性程度和进展相关，提示该通路的异常激活可能参与了AK向cSCC发生、发展的过程。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the role of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in actinic keratosis( AK) and its progression to cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma( cSCC) by detecting the expression levels of key proteins PI3K and AKT,and to analyze their relationship with the clinicopathological features of cSCC. Methods A total of 60 AK patients and 60 cSCC patients admitted to Nanyang Central Hospital from April 2020 to April 2023 were selected and assigned to the AK group and cSCC group,respectively. Additionally,60 non-cancer patients from the Dermatologic Plastic Surgery Department during the same period were included as the control group. Western blot and immunohistochemical staining were used to detect the expression levels of PI3K and AKT proteins in skin tissues of each group. Their correlations with clinicopathological features of cSCC patients( differentiation degree,TNM stage,lymph node metastasis,etc.) were analyzed. Results The positive cell rates of AKT and PI3K in the cSCC group were higher than those in the AK group and the control group,and the positive cell rates in the AK group were higher than those in the control group( P < 0. 05). Western blot results showed that the expression levels of AKT and PI3K proteins in the cSCC group were higher than those in the AK group and the control group,and the expression levels in the AK group were higher than those in the control group( P < 0. 05). In cSCC tissues,high expression of PI3K and AKT proteins was significantly correlated with poor differentiation,lymph node metastasis,and advanced TNM stage( Ⅲ-Ⅳ)( P < 0. 05),but not with patient gender,age and tumor diameter( P > 0. 05). Pearson correlation analysis showed a positive correlation between AKT and PI3K protein expression in cSCC tissues( r = 0. 773,P < 0. 05). Conclusion The expression of key PI3K/AKT signaling pathway proteins,PI3K and AKT,is upregulated in both AK and cSCC tissues,and their expression levels in cSCC are associated with malignancy and progression. This suggests that abnormal activation of this pathway may be involved in the development and progression of AK to cSCC.更多还原