【摘要】 为探究湖南省审定甜玉米品种主要农艺性状与鲜穗产量的关系，以湖南省2003—2024年审定的27个甜玉米品种为研究对象，采用线性回归分析、灰色关联度分析和相关性分析等方法，对农艺性状及产量进行关联性评价。结果表明：(1)51.85%的品种鲜穗产量超过850 kg/667m~2，田间倒伏率和倒折率有所下降，含糖量有所增加；(2)27个甜玉米品种的生育期、株高、穗位高、穗长、穗粗和穗行数整体呈增加趋势，2020—2024年的均值较2003—2010年分别增加4.1%、14.9%、27.7%、0.8%、6.6%和0.3%；(3)灰色关联度分析显示，各农艺性状与鲜穗产量的关联度排序为秃尖长(0.78)>穗行数(0.75)>穗长(0.73)>行粒数(0.71)>穗粗(0.68)>鲜百粒重(0.67)>鲜出籽率(0.66)；(4)相关性分析表明，鲜出籽率与秃尖长、产量呈显著负相关，与鲜百粒重呈显著正相关。因此，在湖南甜玉米育种中，应重点注意秃尖长、穗行数和穗长等性状，以实现甜玉米鲜穗产量的提高。更多还原

【Abstract】 This study aimed to investigate the relationships between major agronomic traits and fresh ear yield of sweet maize varieties approved in Hunan Province.Twenty-seven sweet maize varieties approved in Hunan Province from 2003 to 2024 were studied.Linear regression analysis,grey correlation analysis,and correlation analysis were employed to evaluate the relationships between agronomic traits and yield.The results were summarized as follows:(1) The fresh ear yield exceeded 850 kg/667m~2 in 51.85% of varieties.The field lodging rate and ear breakage rate exhibited a decreasing trend over the years,while the sugar content increased.(2) The growth period,plant height,ear height,ear length,ear diameter,and rows per ear showed increasing trends in all the 27 varieties,with the mean values during 2020—2024 increasing by 4.1%,14.9%,27.7%,0.8%,6.6%,and 0.3%,respectively,compared with those during 2003—2010.(3) Grey correlation analysis revealed the following ranking of correlations between fresh ear yield and agronomic traits:bare tip length (0.78) > rows per ear (0.75) > ear length (0.73) > kernels per row (0.71) > ear diameter (0.68) > fresh hundred-kernel weight (0.67) > fresh kernel yield (0.66).(4) Correlation analysis revealed that fresh kernel yield had significantly negative correlations with bare tip length and fresh ear yield and a significantly positive correlation with fresh hundred-kernel weight.Therefore,in sweet maize breeding in Hunan,attention should be paid to bare tip length,rows per ear,and ear length to improve the fresh ear yield.更多还原