【摘要】 【目的】探究华中樱(Prunus conradinae)对淹水胁迫的适应机制，为湖南地区该树种的水分管理和抗涝栽培提供科学依据。【方法】在湖南省植物园选用三年生华中樱幼苗，设置对照组(CK)、轻度胁迫(T1)、中度胁迫(T2)和重度胁迫(T3)4个处理梯度，通过套盆法在人工气候室开展为期12天的淹水试验，定期测定叶片表型、根系形态及相关生理指标。【结果】淹水胁迫下，华中樱表型损伤随胁迫程度加剧和时间延长而加重，轻度胁迫后期叶片仅出现轻微失绿，重度胁迫处理12天后叶片完全褐化萎蔫；根系总根长、根尖数等生长指标显著下降，根平均直径持续降低，未出现径向增粗现象。轻度胁迫下，超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性维持稳定防御水平。中、重度胁迫后期，三种抗氧化酶活性均提前回落至较低水平，其中重度胁迫条件下植株氧化损伤程度最为显著，表现为丙二醛(MDA)含量大幅升高。渗透调节物质以脯氨酸积累为主导，可溶性糖含量随胁迫加剧持续递增，可溶性蛋白含量在轻度胁迫下短期上升、中重度胁迫下持续下降，三者协同维持细胞渗透压。【结论】华中樱对轻度淹水具有一定适应性，其高效适应范围为轻度淹水且时长≤6天，中度以上淹水超出其调节能力。基于研究结果，提出选址优化、土壤改良、应急排水等针对性抗涝栽培策略，并建议将抗氧化酶活性和脯氨酸积累量作为抗涝性筛选指标，为华中樱的园林应用与种质改良提供科学支撑。更多还原

【Abstract】 【Objective】This study was conducted to explore the adaptive mechanisms of Prunus conradinae to waterlogging stress, and to provide a scientific basis for water management and waterlogging-resistant cultivation of this tree species in Hunan Province. 【Method】Three-year-old Prunus conradinae seedlings were selected from Hunan Botanical Garden, and four treatment gradients were set up, including control group(CK), mild stress(T1), moderate stress(T2) and severe stress(T3). A 12-day waterlogging experiment was carried out in an artificial climate chamber using the pot-in-pot method. Leaf phenotypes, root morphology and related physiological indices were measured periodically. 【Result】Under waterlogging stress, the phenotypic damage of Prunus conradinae aggravated with the intensification of stress degree and the extension of stress time. Only slight chlorosis was observed on the leaves in the late stage of mild stress, while the leaves turned completely brown and wilted after 12 days of severe stress treatment. The growth indices of roots such as total root length and root tip number decreased significantly, and the average root diameter decreased continuously without radial thickening. Under mild stress, the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD), peroxidase(POD) and catalase(CAT) maintained a stable defensive level. In the late stage of moderate and severe stress, the activities of the three antioxidant enzymes all dropped back to a low level in advance. Among all treatments, the degree of oxidative damage of plants under severe stress was the most significant, characterized by a substantial increase in malondialdehyde(MDA) content. Proline accumulation dominated the osmotic adjustment substances. Soluble sugar content increased continuously with the intensification of stress. Soluble protein content accumulated in the short term under mild stress, but decreased continuously under moderate and severe stress. These three substances synergistically maintained cell osmotic pressure. 【Conclusion】Prunus conradinae has a certain adaptability to mild waterlogging, with an efficient adaptation range limited to mild waterlogging for ≤ 6 days. Waterlogging beyond moderate level exceeds its regulatory capacity. Based on the research results, targeted waterlogging-resistant cultivation strategies were proposed, including site optimization, soil improvement and emergency drainage. It is also suggested that antioxidant enzyme activities and proline accumulation can be used as screening indices for waterlogging resistance. This study provides scientific support for the landscape application and germplasm improvement of Prunus conradinae.更多还原