【摘要】 针对奥克托今（HMX）生产废水成分复杂、毒性强、可生化性差的治理难题，本研究以壳聚糖改性活性炭（AC）为载体，采用浸渍-高温碳化法制备负载Fe/Mo双金属的非均相Fenton催化剂Fe_2.5Mo/AC。利用壳聚糖氨基官能团锚定金属活性位点，抑制活性组分团聚。同时引入Mo与Fe构筑双金属协同体系，加快Fe³⁺/Fe²⁺氧化还原循环，强化羟基自由基（·OH）生成效率。结果表明，催化剂内部形成稳定Fe-Mo-O/N复合结构，活性组分分散均匀。实验结果显示：该催化体系可适应2.09～7.15宽pH工况，HMX与COD去除率分别可达83.1%、44.5%，废水可生化系数值（BOD/COD, B/C）由0.011提升至0.367，可生化性显著改善；最优工艺条件为催化剂投加量5 g·L^-1、H₂O₂浓度300 mM、反应温度25℃。自由基猝灭实验与EPR测试证实，降解过程由·OH、¹O₂及·O₂^-共同主导。循环稳定性与固定床连续实验表明，催化剂循环使用7次后HMX去除率仍维持70%以上，金属溶出量极低；固定床连续运行14 h期间，COD、HMX去除率分别稳定在70%、60%以上。更多还原

【Abstract】 To address the treatment dilemma of HMX production wastewater characterized by complex components, high toxicity and poor biodegradability, a heterogeneous Fenton catalyst Fe_2.5Mo/AC loaded with Fe/Mo bimetals was prepared via the impregnation-high temperature carbonization method using chitosan-modified activated carbon（AC） as the carrier. The amino functional groups of chitosan were adopted to anchor metal active sites and inhibit the agglomeration of active components; meanwhile, Mo was introduced to construct a Fe-Mo bimetallic synergistic system, which accelerated the Fe³⁺/Fe²⁺ redox cycle and improved the generation efficiency of ·OH. Results showed that a stable Fe-Mo-O/N composite structure was formed inside the catalyst with uniformly distributed active sites. Batch experimental results indicated that the catalytic system was applicable to a wide pH range of 2.09-7.15. The removal efficiencies of HMX and COD reached 83.1% and 44.5%, respectively, and the B/C ratio of wastewater was increased from 0.011 to 0.367, presenting an obvious improvement in biodegradability. The optimal reaction conditions were determined as catalyst dosage of 5 g·L^-1, H₂O₂ concentration of 300 mM and reaction temperature of 25 ℃. Radical quenching experiments combined with electron paramagnetic resonance（EPR） tests verified that ·OH, ¹O₂ and ·O₂^-jointly participated in the degradation of HMX. After seven cycles of reuse, the HMX removal rate remained above 70% with extremely low metal leaching capacity. During 14 h continuous operation in the fixed bed reactor, the removal efficiencies of COD and HMX were stably maintained above 70% and 60%, respectively.更多还原