【摘要】 铸造粉尘是铸造行业产生的一种固体废物，含有大量的硅铝氧化物，使用不合理会导致环境污染。本文以铸造粉尘为原料，经酸浸预处理后，比较了两步水热法与碱熔融法两种合成方法对NaA型沸石特征的影响，也分析了硅铝比（SiO₂、Al₂O₃摩尔比）、碱度（Na₂O、SiO₂摩尔比）、水量（H₂O、SiO₂摩尔比）和晶化时间对碱熔融法制备NaA型沸石及其阳离子交换容量（CEC）的影响。结果表明，当硅铝比、碱度、水量和晶化时间分别为2.00、1.46、38和2 h时，铸造粉尘合成的NaA型沸石的晶相完整，相对结晶度较高，为77.85%,且CEC为2.12 mmol/g,是市售NaA型沸石的1.5倍。综上，酸浸预处理和碱熔融法相结合是铸造粉尘合成NaA型沸石的一种适宜方法，该方法为铸造粉尘的资源化利用提供了新途径。更多还原

【Abstract】 Casting dust is a kind of solid waste produced by foundry industry, which contains a lot of silicon and aluminum oxides. However, its unreasonable use will lead to environmental pollution. Casting dust was used as raw material, which was pretreated by acid leaching, and then the effects of two synthesis methods, namely two-step hydrothermal method and alkali melting method, on the characteristics of NaA zeolite were compared. The effects of Si/Al ratio（molar ratio of SiO₂ and Al₂O₃）,alkalinity（molar ratio of Na₂O and SiO₂）,water quantity（molar ratio of H₂O and SiO₂） and crystallization time on the synthesis of NaA zeolite by alkali melting and its cation exchange capacity（CEC） were also analyzed. The results showed that the crystalline phase of NaA zeolite synthesized by casting dust was the most complete when Si/Al ratio, alkalinity, water quantity and crystallization time were 2.00,1.46,38 and 2 h, respectively, and its relative crystallinity was 77.85%. The CEC of the synthesized NaA zeolite was 2.12 mmol/g, which was 1.5 times that of the commercially available NaA zeolite. These results showed that the combination of acid leaching pretreatment and alkali melting was a suitable method to synthesize NaA zeolite from casting dust, and this method provided a new way for the resource utilization of casting dust.更多还原