【摘要】 中国风电产业将进入设备大规模退役阶段，作为风机核心部件的风电叶片若处置不当，将带来严重的环境污染。国际上，美国采取市场驱动的分散治理模式，依靠市场自主推动风电叶片循环利用；欧盟在循环经济理念指导下，通过统一治理促进循环利用与技术创新。中国虽以政策为引领，但存在法律规范不完备、责任义务不清晰、跨区域治理不协同、激励措施不充分等问题。为系统应对这一挑战，中国亟须完善法律规范与标准体系，健全顶层设计；引入生产者责任延伸制度，明晰各方权责；建立跨区域协调机制，解决产业布局错配问题；加大财税政策支持，激励技术创新与产业化应用。这些举措将为中国风电产业链末端环境治理和“双碳”目标的实现提供坚实的制度支撑。更多还原

【Abstract】 China’s wind power industry is about to enter a stage of large-scale equipment retirement. If wind turbine blades, as the core components of wind turbines, are not properly disposed of, it will cause serious environmental pollution. From the perspective of foreign practices, the United States has adopted a market-driven decentralized governance model, relying on the market to independently promote the recycling of blades. Under the guidance of the circular economy, the European Union promotes the recycling and technological innovation of wind turbine blades through unified governance. Although China is guided by policies, there are still problems such as incomplete legal norms, unclear responsibilities and obligations, lack of coordination in cross-regional governance, and insufficient incentive measures. To address this challenge, China urgently needs to improve the system of legal norms and standards while refining top-level design; introduce the extended producer responsibility system to clarify the responsibilities and obligations of all parties; construct a cross-regional coordination mechanism to resolve the misallocation of industrial layout; and strengthen fiscal and tax policy support to stimulate technological innovation and industrial application. These measures will provide solid institutional support for the end-of-life environmental governance of China’s wind power industry and the achievement of the “dual carbon” goals.更多还原