【摘要】 伴生稀土磷矿是我国重要的战略性矿产资源，实现磷与稀土的协同高效提取对于提升资源综合利用水平和保障稀土资源安全具有重要意义。本文以含稀土磷矿为研究对象，围绕磷-稀土共伴生资源高效分离与协同浸出的核心目标，开展了浮选富集、P₂O₅酸浸工艺优化及稀土强化浸出技术研究。结果表明：原矿经“1次粗选、3次精选”的正浮选富集后，磷精矿P₂O₅品位达29.56%,总稀土（∑REE）质量分数为1 631.95μg/g,实现了磷与稀土的预富集。以P₂O₅高效浸出为目标的最佳工艺参数为：反应时间2 h、硫酸质量浓度200 g/L、液固比4 mL/g、反应温度35℃,此条件下的P₂O₅浸出率为87.88%,稀土浸出率仅为17.60%,难以满足资源化回收要求。针对稀土浸出效率偏低的问题，通过提升酸浓度、液固比与反应温度，构建强化浸出体系，可使∑REE浸出率大幅提升至47.45%,实现了磷与稀土的协同高效浸出。研究成果可为含稀土磷矿高效清洁利用与伴生稀土资源规模化回收提供技术支撑。更多还原

【Abstract】 Associated rare earth phosphate rock is an important strategic mineral resource in China. It is of great significance to realize the synergistic and efficient extraction of phosphorus and rare earth for improving the comprehensive utilization level of resources and ensuring the safety of rare earth resources. In this paper, rare earth-containing phosphate ore is taken as the research object, and the flotation enrichment, P₂O₅ acid leaching process optimization and rare earth enhanced leaching technology are carried out around the core goal of efficient separation and synergistic leaching of phosphorus-rare earth co-associated resources. The results show that the grade of P₂O₅ in phosphate concentrate reaches 29.56% and the mass fraction of total rare earth（∑REE） is 1 631.95 μg/g after the direct flotation enrichment of raw ore by ‘one roughing and three benefication’, which realizes the pre-enrichment of phosphorus and rare earth. The optimum process parameters for efficient leaching of P₂O₅ are as follows: reaction time 2 h, sulfuric acid mass concentration 200 g/L, liquid-solid ratio 4 mL/g, reaction temperature 35 ℃.Under this condition, the leaching rate of P₂O₅ is 87.88%, and the leaching rate of rare earth is only 17.60%, which is difficult to meet the requirements of resource recovery. Aiming at the problem of low leaching efficiency of rare earth, an enhanced leaching system was constructed by increasing acid concentration, liquid-solid ratio and reaction temperature, which could greatly increase the leaching rate of ∑REE to 47.45%, and realize the synergistic and efficient leaching of phosphorus and rare earth. The research results can provide technical support for the efficient and clean utilization of rare earth phosphate rock and the large-scale recovery of associated rare earth resources.更多还原