【摘要】 以日常穿着的不同材质衣物为研究对象，使用家用洗衣机在不同洗涤条件下对衣物进行洗涤，收集洗涤过程中释放的微塑料，研究织物特性、洗涤条件对微塑料释放量的影响。结果表明：衣物纤维成分及织物编织方式影响微塑料释放量，耐磨性好的合成纤维比天然纤维释放的微塑料少，机织结构织物比针织结构释放更多微塑料；升高洗涤温度、增加洗涤剂用量和洗涤水量均会使纤维微塑料释放量增加；随着洗涤次数增加和洗涤条件严苛，纤维微塑料的形态结构发生显著变化，高温和多次洗涤产生的微塑料长度变短、微塑料出现劈裂、剥离、扭曲现象。另外，医用口罩也会释放微塑料。更多还原

【Abstract】 Taking daily-worn clothes made of different materials as the research objects, a domestic washing machine was used to wash the clothes under different washing conditions. The microplastics released during the washing process were collected to study the effects of fabric characteristics and washing conditions on the amount of microplastic release. The results indicate that the fiber composition of clothing and the weaving method of the fabric affect the release of microplastics. Synthetic fibers with good wear resistance release less microplastics than natural fibers, while woven fabrics release more microplastics than knitted fabrics. Raising the washing temperature, increasing the amount of detergent and washing water will all increase the release of fiber microplastics. With the increase of washing times and strict washing conditions, the morphological structure of fiber microplastics undergoes significant changes. The length of microplastics produced by high temperature and multiple washes becomes shorter, and microplastics exhibit splitting, peeling, and twisting phenomena. In addition, medical masks can also release microplastics.更多还原