【摘要】 采用全造粒方法将聚酰胺6(PA 6)基有机磷阻燃母粒引入聚酰胺66(PA 66),制备阻燃PA 66切片，再通过高速纺丝制备阻燃PA 66全拉伸丝(FDY),分析了阻燃PA 66切片的流变性能、结晶性能，并研究了阻燃剂含量对纤维结晶、取向等超分子结构及力学性能、阻燃性能的影响。结果表明：采用全造粒方法可实现阻燃组分的均匀分散，且阻燃PA 66中阻燃母粒添加量大；阻燃母粒质量分数10%时，阻燃PA 66的熔融指数(10 min)为46.84 g,熔点、结晶温度分别为258.35℃、221.98℃,具有良好的可纺性；添加阻燃母粒可以促进PA 66的结晶，阻燃母粒对PA 66起到增塑剂的作用而非成核剂的作用；在阻燃母粒质量分数为10%、拉伸温度为180℃的条件下制备的阻燃PA 66 FDY的结构与性能最优，结晶度为26.93%,取向因子为0.742 0,断裂强度为4.03 cN/dtex,其织物的极限氧指数为26.0%,垂直燃烧时续燃时间为4.0 s、损毁长度为3.7 cm。更多还原

【Abstract】 Flame-retardant polyamide 66(PA 66) chips were prepared by incorporating polyamide 6(PA 6)-based organophosphorus flame-retardant masterbatches into PA 66 via a full granulation method. Fully drawn yarns(FDY) of flame-retardant PA 66 were then produced via high-speed spinning. The rheological and crystallization behaviors of the flame-retardant PA 66 chips were analyzed, and the effects of flame-retardant content on the supramolecular structure(crystallinity, orientation, etc.) as well as the mechanical and flame-retardant properties of the fibers were investigated. The results showed that the full granulation method ensured uniform dispersion of the flame-retardant components, allowing for a high masterbatch loading in PA 66; when the flame-retardant masterbatch mass fraction was 10%, the melt flow index(10 min) of flame-retardant PA 66 reached 46.84 g, with a melting point and crystallization temperature of 258.35 ℃ and 221.98 ℃, respectively, demonstrating good spinnability; the addition of flame-retardant masterbatches promoted PA 66 crystallization, acting as a plasticizer rather than a nucleating agent; the flame-retardant PA 66 FDY produced under a masterbatch mass fraction of 10% and a drawing temperature of 180 ℃ exhibited optimal structure and properties, with a crystallinity of 26.93%, orientation factor of 0.742 0, and breaking strength of 4.03 cN/dtex; and the corresponding fabric showed a limiting oxygen index of 26.0%, an after-flame time of 4.0 s, and a char length of 3.7 cm in vertical burning tests.更多还原