【摘要】 通过硅橡胶与YH-8305和YH-8103两种复合陶瓷粉复配，制备了可陶瓷化高温硫化阻燃硅橡胶，考察了陶瓷粉种类和用量及烧蚀温度对可陶瓷化硅橡胶力学性能、热稳定性、陶瓷化性能和阻燃性能的影响。结果表明，与YH-8103体系相比，YH-8305体系具有更优的力学性能，当YH-8305用量为40份（质量，下同）时，硅橡胶的拉伸强度和扯断伸长率分别为8.64 MPa和690%。两种复合陶瓷粉赋予硅橡胶不同的热稳定性，其中YH-8103体系具有较高的初始分解温度，当YH-8103用量为80份时硅橡胶的初始分解温度为540℃；而YH-8305体系具有更高的高温残炭率，当YH-8305用量为70份时1 000℃下硅橡胶的残炭质量分数为76.99%，这归因于有机/无机杂化的表面包覆处理有效促进了体系的共晶反应。此外，YH-8305体系还表现出更优的陶瓷化性能和阻燃性能，随着YH-8305用量的增加和烧蚀温度的升高，陶瓷体的弯曲强度和硅橡胶的残炭率升高，当YH-8305用量为80份时，在1 000℃烧结后陶瓷体的弯曲强度为30.80 MPa，硅橡胶的残炭质量分数为78.53%，极限氧指数最高可达34.2%。更多还原

【Abstract】 Ceramicizable high-temperature vulcanized flame retardant silicone rubber was prepared by blending silicone rubber with two types of composite ceramic powders, YH-8305 and YH-8103,and the effects of ceramic powder type and amount,and ablation temperature on mechanical properties,thermal stability, ceramizable performance and flame retardancy of ceramicizable silicone rubber were investigated. The results showed that compared with the YH-8103 system, the YH-8305 system exhibited superior mechanical properties, and when YH-8103 amount was 40 phr(mass, the same below), tensile strength and elongation at break were 8.64 MPa and690%, respectively. The two composite ceramic powders imparted different thermal stability to silicone rubber, of which the YH-8103 system exhibited a higher initial decomposition temperature,reaching 540 ℃ when YH-8103 amount was 80 phr,whereas the YH-8305 system had a higher hightemperature carbon residue rate, and mass fraction of carbon residue of silicone rubber reached 76.99% at1 000 ℃ when YH-8305 amount was 70 phr,which was attributed to the fact that the organic/inorganic hybrid surface coating treatment promoted effectively the eutectic reaction of the system. In addition, the YH-8305 system also displayed better ceramization property and flame retardancy; with the increase in YH-8305 amount and the rise in ablation temperature, flexural strength of ceramic body and carbon residue rate of silicone rubber increase accordingly, and when YH-8305 amount was 80 phr,flexural strength of ceramic body after sintering at1 000 ℃ reached 30.80 MPa, mass fraction of carbon residue of silicone rubber was 78.53%, and limiting oxygen index could reach the maximum of 34.2%.更多还原