【摘要】 基于凝胶-发泡工艺制备铅锌尾矿泡沫陶瓷体系，研究烧结温度(900～1 150℃)对泡沫陶瓷的微观结构演变规律和宏观性能耦合机制的影响。通过分形几何理论定量表征孔隙拓扑的形状特征，并结合灰色系统理论，构建孔隙结构参数与力学和热性能相关的模型。结果表明：烧结过程中孔结构从不规则开放孔隙过渡到纳米级封闭孔隙，孔隙率从89.53%降至59.62%,抗折强度从4.513 MPa升至10.03 MPa,导热系数由0.154 8 W/(m·K)增加到0.348 2 W/(m·K)。灰色关联显示，对抗折强度影响较大的是分形维数和孔隙率，关联度分别为0.979 1和0.975 9,导热系数主要由分形维数和100～200μm孔径分布决定，关联度分别为0.975 5和0.975 4。已建立的GM (1,n)预测模型在大于1 100℃的高温烧结条件下的预测相对误差小于2%。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the present work, a foam ceramics system based on lead-zinc tailings was successfully fabricated using the gel-foaming process. The effects of sintering temperatures(900-1 150 ℃) on the microstructural evolution and macroscopic performance coupling mechanism of the foam ceramics were comprehensively analyzed. Fractal geometry theory was utilized to quantitatively describe the topological characteristics of pore morphology. In combination with grey system theory, a model correlating pore structure parameters with mechanical and thermal properties was developed. The results show shat, during the sintering process, the pore structure evolves from irregular open pores to nanoscale closed pores, and the porosity decreases from 89.53% to 59.62%, while the flexural strength increases from 4.513 MPa to 10.03 MPa, and the thermal conductivity rose from 0.154 8 W/(m·K) to 0.348 2 W/(m·K). Grey correlation analysis demonstrates that both the fractal dimension and porosity significantly influence the flexural strength, with correlation coefficients of 0.979 1 and 0.975 9, respectively. Furthermore, the thermal conductivity is predominantly determined by the fractal dimension and the pore size distribution within the range of 100-200 μm, with correlation coefficients of 0.975 5 and 0.975 4, respectively. Under high-temperature sintering conditions(≥1 100 ℃), the relative error of the established GM(1, n) prediction model was less than 2%.更多还原