【摘要】 为了探究铝合金激光熔覆过程的温度场演变，建立了基于流体传热的三维有限元仿真模型。研究探讨了光斑形状、激光功率密度以及激光扫描速度对加工材料温度场的影响，并由此获得相应的加工参数。研究结果表明：在秒级尺度下，不同光斑形状、激光功率密度、激光扫描速度作用下的材料达到热平衡的时间近似相等；相较于高斯激光，圆形平顶激光以及方形平顶激光的能量分布均匀且为最大值，容易使材料有更大的熔深；当高斯激光功率密度取值为60479W/cm~2，扫描速度取值为13mm/s，圆形平顶激光及方形平顶激光功率密度分别取值为35014W/cm~2、31831W/cm~2，扫描速度取值为13mm/s，熔覆层能够获得较好的稀释率。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to explore the temperature field evolution of aluminum alloy laser cladding process, a threedimensional finite element simulation model based on fluid heat transfer was established. In this study, the effects of spot shape, laser power density and laser scanning speed on the temperature field of processed materials were discussed, and the corresponding processing parameters were obtained. The results show that the time for the material to reach thermal equilibrium under different spot shapes, laser power density and laser scanning speed is approximately equal at the second scale. Compared with Gaussian laser, the energy distribution of circular flat-top laser and square flat-top laser is uniform and the maximum value is easy to make the material have a larger penetration depth; when the Gaussian laser power density is 60479W/cm~2, the scanning speed is 13 mm/s, the circular flat laser and the square flat laser power density are 35014W/cm~2、31831W/cm~2, and the scanning speed is 13 mm/s, the cladding layer can obtain a better dilution rate.更多还原