【摘要】 市政污泥兼具资源与污染的双重属性，污泥焚烧技术因具有高效减量和能源回收等优势，近年来发展迅速。本文梳理了国内外污泥处理政策与技术现状，基于文献总结了污泥性质的波动特征，并探讨了焚烧技术面临的难题，包括热值低且波动大、稳定自持焚烧难，污染物排放控制难，焚烧炉结渣导致的设备维护难。进一步系统综述了污泥单独焚烧与协同焚烧技术的研究进展，重点分析了技术优势、挑战、炉型选择及示范应用，并提出未来研究重点，以期为污泥处理技术的优化提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 The municipal sludge has dual attributes as both a resource and a pollutant. Incineration technology has developed rapidly in recent years due to its advantages in efficient volume reduction and energy recovery. This paper reviews domestic and international sludge treatment policies and current technological developments, summarizes the fluctuating characteristics of sludge properties based on literature, and examines key challenges in sludge incineration, including low and variable calorific value, difficulties in achieving stable autothermal combustion, challenges in controlling pollutant emissions, and equipment maintenance issues caused by slagging in incinerators. Furthermore, it provides a systematic overview of research progress in both mono??incineration and co??incineration technologies, with a focus on technical advantages, challenges, furnace selection, and demonstration applications. Future research priorities are proposed to provide guidance for optimizing sludge treatment technologies.更多还原