【摘要】 在全球技术脱钩和供应链安全风险日益上升的背景下，我国重大工程复杂装备产业虽具备系统集成优势，但仍受制于外部核心零部件供应和底层技术短板。本文基于复杂系统管理理论，以“工程机械之王”盾构机为例，揭示重大工程复杂装备技术创新网络的演化规律，探索推动我国装备制造业自主化及高端化的机制与路径。研究发现，重大工程复杂装备技术创新网络的演化由功能映射、协同熵变与外部传输三大机制共同驱动，功能映射将工程需求转换为装备创新任务，协同熵变优化主体协作关系与知识结构，外部传输整合外部资源并调整网络边界。研究进一步揭示，实现创新网络能力跃升有“异质—突破”与“同质—消化”两类演化路径。前者可拓展技术解空间与探索自由度，后者可提高系统稳定性与协作效率。本文以盾构机产业整体横向叙事诠释了从跟跑到领跑的“中国盾构模式”，为我国重大工程复杂装备技术创新提供理论依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Against the backdrop of rising global technological decoupling and supply chain security risks,China’s megaproject complex equipment industry possesses advantages in system integration but remains constrained by external core component supplies and underlying technological shortcomings.Grounded in Complex System Management Theory,this paper studies how technological innovation networks evolve in complex equipment for megaprojects.By analyzing the case of Chinese tunnel boring machine (TBM) industry,this paper reveals how that evolution supports greater technological self-reliance and industrial upgrading.Our findings show that the evolution of these networks is driven by three mechanisms:functional mapping,coordinated entropy change,and external transmission.Specifically,functional mapping turns engineering needs into concrete innovation tasks;coordinated entropy change reshapes the collaborative relationships and knowledge structure;external transmission brings in external resources and recalibrates network boundaries.The paper further identifies two pathways for the advance of innovation network capabilities:the"heterogeneity-breakthrough"path and the"homogeneity-assimilation"path.The former diversifies technical solutions and strengthens exploratory search,whereas the latter enhances network stability through the rapid diffusion and absorption of mature knowledge.This industry-wide case study illustrates the"Chinese Shield Mode"of moving from following to leading,and provides a theoretical framework for technological innovation in complex equipment for megaprojects.更多还原