【摘要】 针对多路换向阀内泄漏量大、流量调节波动大的问题，设计一种双C型节流槽，改善阀腔流域特性及液压阀的工作性能，构建拖拉机液压系统多路阀的简化模型。基于计算流体力学的原理，对U型与双C型节流槽阀芯与阀腔内压力、速度及旋涡进行对比分析；建立湍流模型，基于Fluent研究多路阀进出口压力不变的条件下，阀口位置处的内部流场随阀口开度及节流槽形状的变化规律。结果表明，随着阀口开度的增加，双C型节流槽的压力梯度逐渐变小，且低压区慢慢消失；高速区要远离阀芯，对阀芯的冲击小，出口流量稳定性更好，能够实现对流量的多级调控。双C型节流槽处的液压油流动速度变为80.57 m/s，相较于U型节流槽速度变化更平稳。该研究为阀芯的优化设计提供参考，有效提高多路阀在工程上的应用能力。更多还原

【Abstract】 In response to the problems of large leakage and large flow regulation fluctuations in the multi-way directional valve, a dual C-shaped throttling groove was designed to improve the flow characteristics of the valve chamber and the working performance of the hydraulic valve. A simplified model of the multi way valve in the tractor hydraulic system was constructed. Based on the principles of computational fluid dynamics, a comparative analysis was conducted on the pressure, velocity and vortex in the valve core and valve chamber of U-shaped and double C-shaped throttling grooves. A turbulence model was established to study the variation of the internal flow field at the valve opening position with the valve opening and the shape of the throttling groove, based on Fluent, under the condition of constant inlet and outlet pressure of the multi way valve. The research results indicate that as the valve opening degree increases, the pressure gradient of the double C-shaped throttling groove gradually decreases, and the low-pressure area gradually disappears. The high-speed area should be far away from the valve core, with less impact on the valve core and better stability of the outlet flow rate, enabling multi-level flow regulation. The hydraulic fluid flow velocity at the double C-shaped throttle groove becomes 80. 57 m/s, which is smoother compared to the U-shaped throttle groove velocity change. The research provides a reference for the optimization design of valve cores and effectively improves the application ability of multi-way valves in engineering.更多还原