【摘要】 滨海岸滩裸置排水管涵是海滨城市雨水排放系统的重要组成部分，波浪力是影响其安全的重要因素。针对岸滩坡度3.6%，管道坡度0.3%的圆形排水管涵，通过几何比尺（原型/模型）为13的波浪整体试验模型，模拟了沿轴向入射波浪对无排水以及满负荷排水状态的圆形管涵作用过程。试验研究表明：排水管涵内、外表面所受波压力存在相位差，其值可通过波浪浅水变形计算分析获得，管内雨水排放对该相位差基本无影响；管内雨水排放可导致管涵所受净波压力量值的减小，但不会导致净波压力沿管涵纵断面和横截面分布规律的改变；在试验工况条件下，排水管涵所受最大净波压力出现在距排水端部0.5倍波长位置附近的管涵顶部，最大净波压力p_max与特征净波压力p_1/3的比值平均为1.6。本研究得到的波压力分布特征可为今后同类工程设计和数值仿真模拟提供借鉴与验证。更多还原

【Abstract】 The exposed drainage pipes on the coastal beach are an important component of the rainwater drainage system in coastal cities. Wave force is an important factor affecting the safety of drainage pipes. For the circular drainage pipe with a beach slope of 3.6% and a pipe slope of 0.3%, a wave overall test model with a geometric scale（prototype/model）of 13 was used to simulate the action process of waves on circular pipe under the conditions of no drainage and full load drainage.Experimental studies show that there is a phase difference in the wave pressure acting on the inner and outer surfaces of the drainage pipe, and its value can be obtained through the calculation and analysis of wave shallow water deformation. The drainage of rainwater inside the pipe has basically no effect on this phase difference. The drainage of rainwater inside the pipe can lead to a reduction in the net wave pressure value, but it will not cause a change in the distribution law of the net wave pressure along the longitudinal and transverse sections of the pipe. Under the test working conditions, the maximum net wave pressure on the drainage pipe occurred at the top of the culvert near 0.5 times the wavelength from the drainage end, and the average ratio of the maximum net wave pressure p_maxto the characteristic net wave pressure p_1/3was 1.6. The wave pressure distribution characteristics obtained in this study can provide reference and verification for the design of similar projects and numerical simulation in the future.更多还原