【摘要】 外伤性黄斑视网膜下出血常引起患者视力急剧下降,若积血滞留时间过长,易导致视网膜不可逆损伤。文章通过对比作者先后遭遇的2例临床特征相似但处理方式不同、预后差异显著的病例,并结合国内外相关文献复习,建议将此类外伤所致的黄斑视网膜下出血视为眼科“急症手术”的适应证。该主张基于以下认识:视网膜层间积血对视网膜组织具有明确的机械性压迫及化学毒性损伤作用,且外伤性黄斑下出血在病因与发病机制上均不同于年龄相关性黄斑变性等原发性黄斑疾病所引起的出血,因此应予以区别对待并积极干预。更多还原

【Abstract】 Traumatic submacular hemorrhage often leads to a rapid decline in visual acuity,and prolonged retention of blood can cause irreversible retinal damage.By comparing two cases with similar clinical features but different treatment approaches and outcomes,and reviewing relevant domestic and international literature,this article proposes that such trauma-induced submacular hemorrhage should be considered an indication for ophthalmic "emergency surgery".This recommendation is based on the understanding that subretinal blood accumulation exerts definite mechanical compression and chemotoxic damage on retinal tissue.Furthermore,submacular hemorrhage resulting from trauma differs in etiology and pathological mechanism from hemorrhage caused by primary macular diseases such as age-related macular degeneration.Therefore,it warrants distinct management and proactive intervention.更多还原