【摘要】 中外标准协调是我国推进标准领域制度型开放的重要举措,本文以国家标准采用国际标准为契机识别了中外标准协调,结合微观企业数据考察了中外标准协调对我国企业排污的影响。研究结果表明:中外标准协调显著降低了企业的排污强度,但同时也扩大了企业的排污规模。机制分析显示,中外标准协调通过提升能源利用效率、扩大生产规模、改善污染处理能力,影响企业排污。异质性分析显示,上游中外标准协调对下游排污强度的影响不显著,但却显著扩大了下游的排污规模,下游中外标准协调显著降低了上游排污强度,并显著扩大了上游的排污规模;与存续状态良好的企业相比,中外标准协调对即将退市企业排污强度的削减效应更小,但对其排污规模的提升效应却更大;地区资源禀赋越丰富,中外标准协调对辖区内企业排污强度的削减效应越大,同时对其排污规模的提升效应也越大。本文回应了制度型开放背景下减污与增长能否协同共进的问题,为我国稳步推进中外标准协调提供了政策建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 The harmonization of Chinese and international standards is a crucial measure for China to advance institutional opening-up in the standardization sector. However, few studies have examined its environmental effects. Taking the adoption of international standards into national standards as a quasi-experiment to identify standard harmonization between China and foreign countries, this paper investigates the impact of such standard harmonization on firms’ pollutant emissions in China by integrating micro firm level data. The results show that standard harmonization significantly reduces firms’ pollution emission intensity but simultaneously expands their pollution emission scale. Mechanism analysis reveals that standard harmonization affects firms’ pollutant emissions by improving energy efficiency, expanding production scale, and enhancing pollution treatment capacity. Heterogeneity analysis indicates that upstream standard harmonization has an insignificant effect on downstream pollution intensity but significantly increases the downstream pollution scale. Meanwhile, downstream standard harmonization significantly reduces upstream pollution intensity and substantially enlarges the upstream pollution scale. Compared with firms in sound operating condition, standard harmonization has a weaker emission-reducing effect on pollution intensity but a stronger boosting effect on pollution scale for firms at delisting risk. Moreover, the greater a region’ s resource endowment, the stronger the reduction effect of standard harmonization on local firms’ pollution intensity and the larger the expansion effect on their pollution scale. This paper addresses the question of whether “ pollution reduction” and “ economic growth” can be synergistically achieved under institutional opening-up, providing useful implications for the steady promotion of standard harmonization between China and foreign countries.更多还原