【摘要】 目的 研究聚乙烯微塑料对泥鳅体内重要器官的过氧化物酶（POX）、非特异性酯酶（NSE）、琥珀酸脱氢酶（SDH）、碱性磷酸酶（ALP）、酸性磷酸酶（ACP）和腺苷三磷酸酶（ATPase）等代谢与免疫相关酶的毒性效应。方法 将泥鳅暴露于不同浓度的聚乙烯溶液中，96h后解剖取其心脏、肝脏、肾、胃、肠和鳃等6种器官，采用冰冻切片、酶组织化学染色及光密度分析技术测定酶活性的变化。结果 聚乙烯显著抑制鳃、肾和肠POX活性，高浓度下对心脏POX活性也有显著抑制作用，但低浓度下聚乙烯对心脏和胃POX活性有显著促进作用。聚乙烯显著抑制鳃和胃NSE活性，高浓度下对肝脏NSE活性也有显著抑制作用，但低浓度下聚乙烯对肝脏和肠NSE活性有显著促进作用。低浓度聚乙烯显著促进心脏、肝脏和胃SDH活性；而高浓度下显著抑制心脏SDH活性。除高浓度下显著抑制胃ALP活性外，聚乙烯对各内脏器官ALP活性均无显著影响。低浓度聚乙烯显著促进心脏、鳃、肾和肝脏ACP活性，而高浓度下显著抑制鳃、胃和肠ACP活性。低浓度聚乙烯显著促进鳃、肝脏、胃和肠ATPase活性，而高浓度下显著抑制心脏、鳃和肝脏ATPase活性。结论 低浓度聚乙烯会导致泥鳅产生明显的应激反应；而高浓度聚乙烯会影响泥鳅的血液循环和呼吸作用，降低其对营养物质的消化吸收能力，并抑制解毒与免疫防御功能。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the toxic effects of polyethylene microplastic on metabolic and immune-related enzymes, including peroxidase(POX), non-specific esterase(NSE), succinate dehydrogenase(SDH), alkaline phosphatase(ALP), acid phosphatase(ACP) and adenosine triphosphatase(ATPase) in the vital organs of Misgurnus anguillicaudatus. Methods The Misgurnus anguillicaudatus was exposed to different concentrations of polyethylene solution for 96 h, 6 organs, including heart, liver, kidney, stomach, intestines and gill were dissected. Changes in enzyme activities were determined by frozen section, enzyme histochemical staining and optical density analysis. Results Polyethylene significantly inhibited POX activities in gill, kidney and intestines, and also significantly inhibited POX activity in heart under the high concentration, while low concentration of polyethylene significantly promoted POX activities in heart and stomach. Polyethylene significantly inhibited NSE activities in gill and stomach, also significantly inhibited NSE activity in liver under the high concentration, while low concentration of polyethylene significantly promoted NSE activities in heart, liver and intestines. Polyethylene significantly promoted SDH activities in heart, liver and stomach under the low concentration, while significantly inhibited SDH activity in heart under the high concentration. Except for the significant inhibition of ALP activity in stomach under the high concentration, polyethylene had no significant effect on ALP activities in all internal organs. Polyethylene significantly promoted ACP activities in heart, gill, kidney and liver under the low concentation, while significantly inhibited ACP activities in gill, stomach and intestines under the high concentration. Polyethylene significantly promoted ATPase activities in gill, liver, stomach and intestines under the low concentration, while significantly inhibited ATPase activities in heart, gill and liver under the high concentration. Conclusion Low concentration of polyethylene could induce obvious stress response in Misgurnus anguillicaudatus, while high concentration of polyethylene could affect the blood circulation and respiration, reduce the ability of digestion and absorption of nutrients, and depress the functions of detoxification and immune defense of Misgurnus anguillicaudatus.更多还原