【摘要】 教堂水库溢流坝建成后将是广东省首座采用“宽尾墩+阶梯坝面+异型燕尾坎”组合消能工的水库工程。该文基于比尺1∶25的水工模型试验，系统研究了溢流坝泄流运行流态、流速分布、沿程水面线、压强分布、挑射水舌形态及下游河道冲刷特性，优化了溢流坝面及燕尾坎消能工布置和体型参数。试验表明：该消能工组合方案通过阶梯坝面强制掺气与异型燕尾坎水舌纵向拉伸扩散，使下游河床最大冲刷深度降至5.9 m(较设计方案降低46%),明显减轻水舌对下游河床的冲刷和淘蚀，结合对坝下游区域的加固防护，可有效保障两岸岸坡的安全稳定，研究成果可为类似狭窄河谷水库消能设计提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 Upon completion, the spillway of the Jiaotang Reservoir will be Guangdong Province’s first hydro project utilizing a combined energy dissipator comprising wide-flared piers+a stepped spillway face+a non-standard dovetail bucket.Based on a 1∶25 scale hydraulic model test, this study systematically investigated the flow regime, velocity distribution, longitudinal water surface profile, pressure distribution, trajectory jet morphology, and downstream scouring characteristics during spillway operation.The layout and geometric parameters of the spillway face and dovetail bucket energy dissipator were optimized.Test results demonstrate that this combined dissipator scheme, through forced aeration via the stepped face and longitudinal stretching and diffusion of the jet by the non-standard dovetail bucket, reduces the maximum scour depth in the downstream riverbed to 5.9 m(representing a 46% reduction compared to the original design).This significantly mitigates scouring and erosion of the downstream riverbed by the trajectory jet.Combined with reinforcement protection measures in the downstream area, this effectively ensures the safety and stability of both bank slopes.The research findings provide valuable practical references for the energy dissipation design of similar reservoirs in narrow valleys within Guangdong Province.更多还原