【摘要】 高分子物理及其实验课程是高分子材料与工程专业基础核心课程之一，其内容繁杂艰深，概念多理论多，尤其是高分子凝聚态结构章节。本论文通过强调液晶相变过程，深化高分子物理及实验教学上的探索。液晶织构的丰富变化是分子排列有序度的直接光学映射，其相变温度和相态类型深刻影响着材料的性能和应用。通过使用偏光显微镜观察液晶材料在不同温度下的现象，学生能直观、动态地理解“温度—分子运动—有序结构—宏观性能”这一高分子物理的核心逻辑链。传统的聚丙烯球晶观察实验虽具有价值，但其在动态过程捕捉、温度维度拓展及材料体系多样性上的局限，呼唤教学内容的深化与革新。引入液晶材料的相变过程研究，利用配备高精度温控平台的偏光显微镜进行原位动态观测，为这一革新提供了绝佳的切入点，既拓展了聚合物结晶综合实验设计，又丰富了高分子凝聚态章节的理论讲解。我相信，当学生在光学显微镜下捕捉到丰富多彩的相态织构变化的那一刻，他们对高分子凝聚态世界的理解，便完成了一次从静态知识到动态认知的深刻跃迁。更多还原

【Abstract】 Polymer physics and experimental courses are one of the basic core courses of polymer materials and engineering. Its content is complicated and difficult, with many concepts and theories, especially the chapter on polymer condensed matter structure. This paper deepens the exploration of polymer physics and experimental teaching by emphasizing liquid crystal phase transition process. The rich changes in liquid crystal texture are the direct optical mapping of the molecular arrangement order, and its phase transition temperature and phase type profoundly affect the performance and application of the material. By using a polarizing optical microscope(POM) to observe the phenomenon of liquid crystal materials at different temperatures, students can intuitively and dynamically understand the core logical chain of polymer physics, “temperature-molecular motion-ordered structure-macroscopic performance”. Although the traditional polypropylene spherulite observation experiment is valuable, its limitations in capturing dynamic processes, expanding temperature dimensions and the diversity of material systems call for deepening and innovation of teaching content. The introduction of liquid crystalline phase transition research and the use of POM equipped with high-precision temperature control platforms for in-situ dynamic observations provide an excellent entry point for this innovation, which not only expands the comprehensive experimental design of polymer crystallization, but also enriches the theoretical explanation of the chapter on polymer condensed matter. I believe that when students capture the colorful phase texture changes under POM, their understanding of the world of polymer condensed matter will have completed a profound transition from static knowledge to dynamic cognition更多还原