【摘要】 “卓越计划”作为推动我国工程教育向“工程范式”转型的关键举措，将跨学科能力确立为未来工程师的核心素养。本研究基于大规模问卷调查，构建并验证了跨学科能力的双重维度：技术方案整合能力和工程背景整合能力。工科生技术方案整合能力的发展水平明显优于工程背景整合能力；课程学习深度与科研活动参与是促进两类能力发展的共同关键因素；技术方案整合能力的发展主要受专业教育活动影响，而工程背景整合能力的发展则更依赖于拓展性的真实工程实践情境和通识课程的支撑。未来，工程教育改革应以“工程范式”为引领，促进两类能力协同发展；系统重构课程体系，强化实质性跨学科融合；切实提升实践活动质量，促进学生深度参与。更多还原

【Abstract】 As a major national initiative driving China’s transition of engineering education toward an engineering paradigm, “A Plan for Educating and Training Outstanding Engineers(PETOE)” positions interdisciplinary competence as a defining quality of future engineers.Drawing on a large-scale national survey, this study identifies and validates a dual-structure model of interdisciplinary competence: technical solution integration ability and engineering context integration ability. Results show that engineering students demonstrate stronger technical solution integration than engineering context integration.Both are positively shaped by course engagement depth and research participation.While the former grows mainly through discipline-based learning, the latter depends more on authentic engineering practice and general education support.Guided by the engineering paradigm, future reform in engineering education should aim to foster the coordinated development of the two competence dimensions, restructure curricula to realize substantive interdisciplinary integration, and enhance the quality of practical experiences to promote students’ deep engagement.更多还原