【摘要】 针对传统变形监测技术不适用于突发性强、失稳前夕变形小的危岩崩塌监测与预警问题，依托某高速公路采石场边坡，开展了危岩崩塌过程微震监测现场试验。试验结果表明：根据微震信号演化特征，将危岩崩塌孕育过程分为“缓慢启裂、加速开裂、贯通崩塌”三个阶段，不同阶段的微震信号活跃度、主频、幅值、张拉剪切型信号占比等特征具有显著差异；危岩崩塌前夕，微震信号具有低频与高幅值信号数量增大、b值连续下降、信号活跃度短时激增、剪切型信号比例显著增加等特征，为基于微震信号的危岩崩塌预警标准建立提供了科学依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Due to the limitations of the traditional deformation monitoring technique in addressing the challenges of sudden and minor pre-failure deformations in dangerous rock collapse monitoring and early warning, the field microseismic monitoring tests for the dangerous rock collapse process are conducted at a quarry slope of certain expressway. The test results show that based on the evolutionary characteristics of microseismic signals, the gestation process of a dangerous rock collapse can be divided into three stages: "the slow initiation of cracks, the accelerated cracking, and the thorough collapse". The significant differences are observed in the activity level, dominant frequency, amplitude, and proportion of tension-shear type signals of microseismic signals at different stages. Before a dangerous rock collapse occurs, the microseismic signals exhibit the characteristics such as an increase in the number of low-frequency and high-amplitude signals, a continuous decrease in the b-value, a temporary surge in signal activity level, and a significant increase in the proportion of shear-type signals. These evolutionary characteristics provide the scientific support for the establishment of early warning standards for dangerous rock collapse based on microseismic signals.更多还原